The present invention relates to a compound of the general formula (1). The compound of formula (1) is suitable for use in a method for treating a disorder relating to the binding of a galectin, such as galectin-3 to a ligand in a mammal, such as a human. Furthermore the present invention concerns a method for treatment of a disorder relating to the binding of a galectin, such as galectin-3 to a ligand in a mammal, such as a human.

This specification relates to a process for crystallizing an oligosaccharide, particularly a human milk oligosaccharide, and, more particularly, 2′-fucosyllactose (“2′-FL”). This specification also relates to compositions (e.g., crystalline products) produced using such a process.

The invention provides compositions and methods for engineering E. coli or other host production bacterial strains to produce fucosylated oligosaccharides, and the use thereof in the prevention or treatment of infection.

The invention provides compositions and methods for engineering E. coli or other host production bacterial strains to produce fucosylated oligosaccharides, and the use thereof in the prevention or treatment of infection.

A method for preparing a pyrazole of formula (I) in which R,R′ and R″ have different meanings, characterised in that it involves reacting a sydnone of formula (II) in which R and R′ have the meanings already indicated, with an alkyne of formula (III) in which R″ has the meaning already indicated, in the presence of copper, to obtain a pyrazole compound of formula (I) that is then isolated and salified if desired. ##STR00001##

A method for preparing a pyrazole of formula (I) in which R,R′ and R″ have different meanings, characterised in that it involves reacting a sydnone of formula (II) in which R and R′ have the meanings already indicated, with an alkyne of formula (III) in which R″ has the meaning already indicated, in the presence of copper, to obtain a pyrazole compound of formula (I) that is then isolated and salified if desired. ##STR00001##

Provided herein are processes for detecting oligosaccharides in a biological sample. In specific instances, the biological sample is provided from an individual suffering from a disorder associated with abnormal glycosaminoglycan accumulation.

Provided herein are processes for detecting oligosaccharides in a biological sample. In specific instances, the biological sample is provided from an individual suffering from a disorder associated with abnormal glycosaminoglycan accumulation.

A process and materials method for making a glucose tetraester may include reacting glucose with a carboxylic acid to create a glucose pentaester. The glucose pentaester was reacted with a basic reagent to create a glucose tetraester. Glucose was reacted with a carboxylic acid anhydride in the presence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine to create a glucose pentaester product. The glucose pentaester reaction product was separated. The glucose pentaester reaction product was reacted with a basic reagent, wherein the reaction steps may take place at a temperature of about 0° C. to about 60° C. and about ambient pressure, wherein the ratio of the carboxylic acid to the glucose was from about 5:1 to about 50:1, and wherein the ratio of the glucose pentaester to the basic reagent was from about 1:50 to about 1:150.

A process and materials method for making a glucose tetraester may include reacting glucose with a carboxylic acid to create a glucose pentaester. The glucose pentaester was reacted with a basic reagent to create a glucose tetraester. Glucose was reacted with a carboxylic acid anhydride in the presence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine to create a glucose pentaester product. The glucose pentaester reaction product was separated. The glucose pentaester reaction product was reacted with a basic reagent, wherein the reaction steps may take place at a temperature of about 0° C. to about 60° C. and about ambient pressure, wherein the ratio of the carboxylic acid to the glucose was from about 5:1 to about 50:1, and wherein the ratio of the glucose pentaester to the basic reagent was from about 1:50 to about 1:150.