This invention provides a process for sequencing nucleic acids using 3′ modified deoxynucleotide analogues or 3′ modified deoxyinosine triphosphate analogues, and 3′ modified dideoxynucleotide analogues having a detectable marker attached thereto.

This invention provides a process for sequencing nucleic acids using 3′ modified deoxynucleotide analogues or 3′ modified deoxyinosine triphosphate analogues, and 3′ modified dideoxynucleotide analogues having a detectable marker attached thereto.

Methods of preparing nicotinamide riboside and derivatives thereof, are described. In an aspect, the invention relates to a method of making a compound of formula (II), or a salt, or solvate thereof:

##STR00001## wherein n is 0 or 1; Y is O or S; m is 1; R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted primary or secondary amino, and substituted or unsubstituted azido; and R.sub.2-R.sub.5 are each H.

A D-galactopyranose compound of formula (1)

##STR00001## wherein the pyranose ring is α-D-galactopyranose, and these compounds are high affinity galectin-3 inhibitors. Also, pharmaceutical compositions including these compounds. Further, a method for treatment of a disorder relating to the binding of a galectin-3 to a ligand, such as inflammation, in a mammal, such as a human, wherein a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of these compounds is administered to a mammal in need of the treatment.

The present disclosure provides reagents that can be used to label synthetic oligonucleotides with rhodamine dyes or dye networks that contain rhodamine dyes.

The present disclosure provides reagents that can be used to label synthetic oligonucleotides with rhodamine dyes or dye networks that contain rhodamine dyes.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a compound of formula (I)

##STR00001##

wherein said process is suitable for large scale synthesis.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a compound of formula (I)

##STR00001##

wherein said process is suitable for large scale synthesis.

The present disclosure provides methods of making nicotinoyl riboside compounds or derivatives of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein X.sup.−, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, and R.sup.8 are described herein, reduced analogs thereof, modified derivatives thereof, phosphorylated analogs thereof, and adenylyl dinucleotide conjugates thereof, or salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof; and novel crystalline forms thereof.

The present disclosure provides methods of making nicotinoyl riboside compounds or derivatives of formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein X.sup.−, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, and R.sup.8 are described herein, reduced analogs thereof, modified derivatives thereof, phosphorylated analogs thereof, and adenylyl dinucleotide conjugates thereof, or salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof; and novel crystalline forms thereof.