The present invention discloses synergistic plant growth stimulating composition of organic potassium salts comprising potassium mono/diformate or potassium hydrogen di-salt of organic acids in combination with aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids or its salts optionally with plant growth hormones/growth regulators. The composition of the present invention improves plant growth, enhances the yield and quality produce of the plants/crops.

The present invention discloses synergistic plant growth stimulating composition of organic potassium salts comprising potassium mono/diformate or potassium hydrogen di-salt of organic acids in combination with aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids or its salts optionally with plant growth hormones/growth regulators. The composition of the present invention improves plant growth, enhances the yield and quality produce of the plants/crops.

Biocidal coatings include flake shaped particles that are deposed with a vertical orientation to form a coating which is biocidal to pathogens including viruses, bacteria, biofilms, fungi, microbes, algae, and other pathogens. In some embodiments, the pathogen membrane becomes lacerated when contacting the blade shaped flake particle. In other embodiments, a flake shaped particle which is a semiconductor generates radicals, or hydroxyls, or oxidizers, which transit to pathogens, and stress or deactivate the pathogens. In still more embodiments, this generation of radicals, hydroxyls, or oxidizers by the semiconductive flake shaped particle is increased with light irradiation.

Biocidal coatings include flake shaped particles that are deposed with a vertical orientation to form a coating which is biocidal to pathogens including viruses, bacteria, biofilms, fungi, microbes, algae, and other pathogens. In some embodiments, the pathogen membrane becomes lacerated when contacting the blade shaped flake particle. In other embodiments, a flake shaped particle which is a semiconductor generates radicals, or hydroxyls, or oxidizers, which transit to pathogens, and stress or deactivate the pathogens. In still more embodiments, this generation of radicals, hydroxyls, or oxidizers by the semiconductive flake shaped particle is increased with light irradiation.

Hydrogen cyanamide (HyCyn) is a product derived from calcium cyanamide. Three decades ago HyCyn became commercially available as a plant growth regulator. Sprayed on dormant plants, it provides uniform bud-break. This present invention provides repeatable methods for using aqueous HyCyn, and other similar water-soluble low molecular weight cyanamide or nitrile containing compounds, as stand-alone biocides. Qualities include: safer delivery to field settings, fewer environmental impacts and predictable plant growth improvement. HyCyn with its systemic qualities can act as a fertilizer, desiccant, nematicide, fungicide, herbicide, growth regulator and an agent of enzyme inactivation. These biocidal and other effects appear to be a result of double or triple bonds connecting carbon with nitrogen, and therefore it is expected that other water-soluble low molecular weight compounds having carbon-nitrogen double or triple bonds can act similarly. Today's improved irrigation methods will replace soil fumigation in many settings. All its metabolites, properly delivered, make plants grow better.

Hydrogen cyanamide (HyCyn) is a product derived from calcium cyanamide. Three decades ago HyCyn became commercially available as a plant growth regulator. Sprayed on dormant plants, it provides uniform bud-break. This present invention provides repeatable methods for using aqueous HyCyn, and other similar water-soluble low molecular weight cyanamide or nitrile containing compounds, as stand-alone biocides. Qualities include: safer delivery to field settings, fewer environmental impacts and predictable plant growth improvement. HyCyn with its systemic qualities can act as a fertilizer, desiccant, nematicide, fungicide, herbicide, growth regulator and an agent of enzyme inactivation. These biocidal and other effects appear to be a result of double or triple bonds connecting carbon with nitrogen, and therefore it is expected that other water-soluble low molecular weight compounds having carbon-nitrogen double or triple bonds can act similarly. Today's improved irrigation methods will replace soil fumigation in many settings. All its metabolites, properly delivered, make plants grow better.

Hydrogen cyanamide (HyCyn) is a product derived from calcium cyanamide. Three decades ago HyCyn became commercially available as a plant growth regulator. Sprayed on dormant plants, it provides uniform bud-break. This present invention provides repeatable methods for using aqueous HyCyn, and other similar water-soluble low molecular weight cyanamide or nitrile containing compounds, as stand-alone biocides. Qualities include: safer delivery to field settings, fewer environmental impacts and predictable plant growth improvement. HyCyn with its systemic qualities can act as a fertilizer, desiccant, nematicide, fungicide, herbicide, growth regulator and an agent of enzyme inactivation. These biocidal and other effects appear to be a result of double or triple bonds connecting carbon with nitrogen, and therefore it is expected that other water-soluble low molecular weight compounds having carbon-nitrogen double or triple bonds can act similarly. Today's improved irrigation methods will replace soil fumigation in many settings. All its metabolites, properly delivered, make plants grow better.

A stable composition obtained by enzymatic oxidation of a halide thiocyanate mixture, including at least one ion selected from the group of the I.sub.2SCN.sup. ions and the I(SCN).sub.2.sup. ions, the composition being free of hypothiocyanite ions. In an embodiment, the composition further includes iodine thiocyanate ISCN. Also relates to a method for preparing the stable composition and to the uses thereof.

Aspects of this disclosure pertain to a colorless material that includes a carrier, copper-containing particles, and either one or both of sodium thiocyanate and titanium dioxide. In one or more embodiments, the material exhibits, in the CIE L*a*b* system, an L* value in the range from about 91 to about 100, and a C* value of less than about 7, wherein C* equals (a*.sup.2+b*.sup.2). In some embodiments, the material exhibits a greater than 3 log reduction in a concentration of Staphylococcus aureus, under the EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy as a Sanitizer testing conditions.

Aspects of this disclosure pertain to a colorless material that includes a carrier, copper-containing particles, and either one or both of sodium thiocyanate and titanium dioxide. In one or more embodiments, the material exhibits, in the CIE L*a*b* system, an L* value in the range from about 91 to about 100, and a C* value of less than about 7, wherein C* equals (a*.sup.2+b*.sup.2). In some embodiments, the material exhibits a greater than 3 log reduction in a concentration of Staphylococcus aureus, under the EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy as a Sanitizer testing conditions.