The invention relates to a container holder 10, comprising a main body 12 which in turn comprises a gas inlet 16; a solution liquid outlet 18; a gas control valve 20 through which a gas enters the container 100 from the gas inlet; and a sealing means 22 for the container, which sealing means includes a passageway 24 for the input of gas and output of a solution in the container via an egress tube 19; wherein when the container is connected to the container holder through the sealing means, the gas control valve opens automatically, and when the container is disconnected the gas control valve is closed automatically. The invention further relates to a container panel 50 which includes two or more container holders. Also disclosed are methods of using these containers and container panels for synthesizing a polypeptide.

The invention relates to a container holder 10, comprising a main body 12 which in turn comprises a gas inlet 16; a solution liquid outlet 18; a gas control valve 20 through which a gas enters the container 100 from the gas inlet; and a sealing means 22 for the container, which sealing means includes a passageway 24 for the input of gas and output of a solution in the container via an egress tube 19; wherein when the container is connected to the container holder through the sealing means, the gas control valve opens automatically, and when the container is disconnected the gas control valve is closed automatically. The invention further relates to a container panel 50 which includes two or more container holders. Also disclosed are methods of using these containers and container panels for synthesizing a polypeptide.

A method for preparing a cyclic peptide, derivative or analogue thereof is described. The method comprises contacting a peptide, derivative or analogue thereof with a fluoro-heteroaromatic compound to cyclise the peptide, derivative or analogue thereof.

A peptoid compound, a manufacturing method of a peptoid compound, an oligomer, a pharmaceutical composition, use of the pharmaceutical composition in the preparation of a medicament for detecting or diagnosing a disease related to tyrosine kinase HER2, and a kit for identifying circulating tumor cells are provided, the peptoid compound includes: a cysteine (Cys) subunit, a butanediamine (Nlys) subunit, a 3,4-methylenedioxybenzylamine (Npip) subunit, a 3-aminopropanic acid (Nce) subunit and a 1-naphthylamine (Na) subunit, and both the peptoid compound and the oligomer have a strong ability to bind to HER2 protein on surfaces of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and a technology of diagnosing breast cancer on the basis of the peptoid compound can realize non-invasive and label-free rapid diagnosis, in addition, the methods for synthesizing the peptoid compound and the oligomer are simple, the preparation efficiency is high, and the production cost is low.

A peptoid compound, a manufacturing method of a peptoid compound, an oligomer, a pharmaceutical composition, use of the pharmaceutical composition in the preparation of a medicament for detecting or diagnosing a disease related to tyrosine kinase HER2, and a kit for identifying circulating tumor cells are provided, the peptoid compound includes: a cysteine (Cys) subunit, a butanediamine (Nlys) subunit, a 3,4-methylenedioxybenzylamine (Npip) subunit, a 3-aminopropanic acid (Nce) subunit and a 1-naphthylamine (Na) subunit, and both the peptoid compound and the oligomer have a strong ability to bind to HER2 protein on surfaces of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and a technology of diagnosing breast cancer on the basis of the peptoid compound can realize non-invasive and label-free rapid diagnosis, in addition, the methods for synthesizing the peptoid compound and the oligomer are simple, the preparation efficiency is high, and the production cost is low.

Systems and processes for performing solid phase peptide synthesis are generally described. Solid phase peptide synthesis is a known process in which amino acid residues are added to peptides that have been immobilized on a solid support. In certain embodiments, the inventive systems and methods can be used to perform solid phase peptide synthesis quickly while maintaining high yields. Certain embodiments relate to processes and systems that may be used to heat, transport, and/or mix reagents in ways that reduce the amount of time required to perform solid phase peptide synthesis.

Systems and processes for performing solid phase peptide synthesis are generally described. Solid phase peptide synthesis is a known process in which amino acid residues are added to peptides that have been immobilized on a solid support. In certain embodiments, the inventive systems and methods can be used to perform solid phase peptide synthesis quickly while maintaining high yields. Certain embodiments relate to processes and systems that may be used to heat, transport, and/or mix reagents in ways that reduce the amount of time required to perform solid phase peptide synthesis.

Disclosed herein are ATP biosensor fusion proteins and their use for assaying ATP levels in cells.

An improved method of coupling amino acids into peptides or peptidomimetics is disclosed in which the activation and coupling are carried out in the same vessel, in the presence of a carbodiimide in an amount greater than 1 equivalent as compared to the amino acid, in the presence of an activator additive, and at a temperature greater than 30 C.

The invention relates to a method for preparing peptides comprising the step of forming a peptide bond wherein the carboxyl group of a first amino acid or first peptide is activated and an amino group of the first activated amino acid or first peptide is protected by a protecting group having a water-solubility enhancing group and the activated carboxyl group of the first amino acid or first peptide is reacted with an amino group of a second amino acid or second peptide wherein said carboxyl group of the first amino acid or first peptide is activated in the absence of the second amino acid or second peptide. The invention further relates to peptides comprising a protecting group having a water-solubility enhancing group being bound to the amino group and an activated or free carboxyl group.