A method for preparing a cyclopeptide and a cyclopeptide preparing by the method are disclosed. The method includes the following steps: (A) providing compounds represented by the following formulas (I-1) and (I-2): ##STR00001## wherein, G, R.sub.a, R.sub.b, R.sub.c, R.sub.d, and R.sub.e are defined in the specification; (B) performing a reaction between the compounds of formulas (I-1) and (I-2) to obtain a compound represented by the following formula (I-3): ##STR00002##
and (C) performing a cyclization reaction of the compound of formula (I-3) with a catalyst of formula (II) and deprotection to obtain a compound represented by the following formula (III): ##STR00003## wherein, G′, Q, M, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, m, y, and z are defined in the specification.

The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods useful for the functionalization of surfaces in the absence of a metal catalyst. The compositions include compounds of formula (I), which react with strained alkene-containing compounds, before or after molecular assembly catalyzed by tyrosinase, to afford cycloadducts. The strained alkene-containing compound may further comprise any molecule of interest, including small molecules and macromolecules, thereby enabling surface functionalization. In certain embodiments, the strained alkene-containing molecule comprises a moiety selected from the group consisting of a trans-cyclooctene (TCO), cyclopropene, cyclobutene, and norbornene.

The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods useful for the functionalization of surfaces in the absence of a metal catalyst. The compositions include compounds of formula (I), which react with strained alkene-containing compounds, before or after molecular assembly catalyzed by tyrosinase, to afford cycloadducts. The strained alkene-containing compound may further comprise any molecule of interest, including small molecules and macromolecules, thereby enabling surface functionalization. In certain embodiments, the strained alkene-containing molecule comprises a moiety selected from the group consisting of a trans-cyclooctene (TCO), cyclopropene, cyclobutene, and norbornene.

The instant disclosure describes novel modulators of alpha α4β7 and/or MAdCAM and their use for the treatment of diseases and conditions associated with their biological function. Further described herein are methods of treating diseases or conditions associated with α4β7 and/or MAdCAM.

The invention relates to cyclic peptide agonists that bind to the mu (morphine) opioid receptor and their use in the treatment of acute and/or chronic pain. Embodiments of the invention are directed to cyclic pentapeptide and hexapeptide analogs of endomorphin that have (i) a carboxy-terminal extension with an amidated hydrophilic amino acid and (ii) a substitution in amino acid position 2, and in some embodiments, a 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine (Dmt) residue in place of the N-terminal tyrosine residue a position 1. These peptide analogs exhibit increased solubility compared to similar tetrapeptide analogs while maintaining favorable or improved therapeutic ratios of analgesia to side effects.

The present invention relates to the field of biochips, and provides a chip surface linker and a preparation method and a use therefor. The chip surface linker is obtained by means of applying a direct current voltage to an aromatic amine bonding molecule in the presence of an acid and a nitrite to cause a reaction with a chip surface to form a bonding molecular group connected the chip surface, and then using a functional molecular for reaction and modification to add a functional molecular group containing a hydroxyl group and an ester group. The chip surface linker obtained in the present invention is able to bond more stably with a chip surface, being stable in hot water and basic conditions, and features relatively good electrical conductivity, stability during energization, and resistance to organic solvents required for nucleic acid synthesis, and is thus very advantageous for subsequent nucleic acid synthesis and other uses.

The present invention relates to the field of biochips, and provides a chip surface linker and a preparation method and a use therefor. The chip surface linker is obtained by means of applying a direct current voltage to an aromatic amine bonding molecule in the presence of an acid and a nitrite to cause a reaction with a chip surface to form a bonding molecular group connected the chip surface, and then using a functional molecular for reaction and modification to add a functional molecular group containing a hydroxyl group and an ester group. The chip surface linker obtained in the present invention is able to bond more stably with a chip surface, being stable in hot water and basic conditions, and features relatively good electrical conductivity, stability during energization, and resistance to organic solvents required for nucleic acid synthesis, and is thus very advantageous for subsequent nucleic acid synthesis and other uses.

The present invention provides novel antifibrinilytic compounds, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions thereof, and their use in medicine, in particular for the treatment of bleeding.

The present invention provides novel antifibrinilytic compounds, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions thereof, and their use in medicine, in particular for the treatment of bleeding.

A controlled-release fertilizer includes oxidized glutathione and a release control agent, and a method produces the controlled-release fertilizer.