Described herein are compositions and methods for making and using recombinant bacteria that are capable of regulated attenuation and/or regulated expression of one or more antigens from Clostridium Perfringens as vaccines to prevent necrotic enteritis (NE).

Rapid, animal protein free, chromatographic processes and systems for obtaining high potency, high yield botulinum neurotoxin for research, therapeutic and cosmetic use.

Rapid, animal protein free, chromatographic processes and systems for obtaining high potency, high yield botulinum neurotoxin for research, therapeutic and cosmetic use.

Deimmunized botulinum toxin light chain (e.g., botulinum toxin serotype A light chains (BoNT/A-LC)) or fragments thereof are provided. Methods for treating or preventing diseases or disorders comprising administering to a subject a deimmunized botulinum toxin light chain (e.g., BoNT/A-LC) are provided.

Deimmunized botulinum toxin light chain (e.g., botulinum toxin serotype A light chains (BoNT/A-LC)) or fragments thereof are provided. Methods for treating or preventing diseases or disorders comprising administering to a subject a deimmunized botulinum toxin light chain (e.g., BoNT/A-LC) are provided.

A method for making a population of cells that are highly sensitive to clostridial neurotoxin, the method comprising: (a) contacting recombinant cells that express an indicator protein with clostridial neurotoxin; and (b) following such contact, selecting the cells that exhibit cleavage of the indicator protein. A cell from the population produced using the aforementioned method. An assay for determining the activity of a modified or recombinant neurotoxin comprising contacting such a cell with the modified or recombinant neurotoxin under conditions and for a period of time sufficient to allow the protease domain of a wild-type clostridial neurotoxin to cleave the indicator protein in the cell and determining the presence of product resulting from the cleavage of the indicator protein.

A method for making a population of cells that are highly sensitive to clostridial neurotoxin, the method comprising: (a) contacting recombinant cells that express an indicator protein with clostridial neurotoxin; and (b) following such contact, selecting the cells that exhibit cleavage of the indicator protein. A cell from the population produced using the aforementioned method. An assay for determining the activity of a modified or recombinant neurotoxin comprising contacting such a cell with the modified or recombinant neurotoxin under conditions and for a period of time sufficient to allow the protease domain of a wild-type clostridial neurotoxin to cleave the indicator protein in the cell and determining the presence of product resulting from the cleavage of the indicator protein.

The invention relates to the production and use of Cas-encoding sequences and vectors comprising these. Aspects of the invention provide products, vectors, delivery vehicles, uses and methods for producing Cas-encoding sequences in bacterial or archaeal cells.

The invention relates to the production and use of Cas-encoding sequences and vectors comprising these. Aspects of the invention provide products, vectors, delivery vehicles, uses and methods for producing Cas-encoding sequences in bacterial or archaeal cells.

This disclosure provides microbes engineered to detect virulent and spore states of pathogens and release an appropriate therapeutic response accordingly and compositions and methods of use of the same.