It is an object of the present invention to provide a conjugate of a biotin-modified dimer and a phthalocyanine dye, which is used in photoimmunotherapy. The present invention provides a conjugate of a compound represented by the following formula (1) or a salt thereof and a phthalocyanine dye:

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wherein the meaning of each of symbols is as defined in the specification.

A method of immunizing a susceptible host against a pathogen comprising administering to the host a vaccine that comprises an attenuated recombinant live vaccine strain lacking a polynucleotide encoding CapB (LVS ΔcapB), wherein the LVS ΔcapB expresses an antigen of at least one pathogen from Table 1; or administering to the host a vaccine that comprises an attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing the antigen of the pathogen from Table 1; or administering to the host a prime vaccine and a heterologous booster vaccine where the prime vaccine comprises an attenuated recombinant live vaccine strain lacking a polynucleotide encoding CapB (LVS ΔcapB), wherein the LVS ΔcapB expresses an antigen of at least one pathogen from Table 1 and the heterologous booster vaccine comprises an attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing the antigen of the pathogen from Table 1.

A method of immunizing a susceptible host against a pathogen comprising administering to the host a vaccine that comprises an attenuated recombinant live vaccine strain lacking a polynucleotide encoding CapB (LVS ΔcapB), wherein the LVS ΔcapB expresses an antigen of at least one pathogen from Table 1; or administering to the host a vaccine that comprises an attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing the antigen of the pathogen from Table 1; or administering to the host a prime vaccine and a heterologous booster vaccine where the prime vaccine comprises an attenuated recombinant live vaccine strain lacking a polynucleotide encoding CapB (LVS ΔcapB), wherein the LVS ΔcapB expresses an antigen of at least one pathogen from Table 1 and the heterologous booster vaccine comprises an attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing the antigen of the pathogen from Table 1.

Microparticle formulations of a sialidase fusion protein are produced by contacting an aqueous solution of a protein or other active agent with an organic solvent, a counterion and a scavenging agent, and chilling the solution. The microparticles are useful for preparing stable, uniform pharmaceuticals of predetermined defined dimensions.

The disclosure provides recombinant polypeptides for treating or preventing viral infection comprising an immunoglobulin Fc fragment and at least one viral receptor or fragment thereof. Also provided are RNA molecules, therapeutic compositions, and expression systems comprising such recombinant polypeptides, along with methods of preventing or treating a viral infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering such recombinant polypeptides to a subject or patient.

The disclosure provides recombinant polypeptides for treating or preventing viral infection comprising an immunoglobulin Fc fragment and at least one viral receptor or fragment thereof. Also provided are RNA molecules, therapeutic compositions, and expression systems comprising such recombinant polypeptides, along with methods of preventing or treating a viral infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering such recombinant polypeptides to a subject or patient.

Compositions, methods, and systems are provided for fluorescent polymerase enzyme substrates comprising protein shields for improving enzyme photostability in single molecule real time sequencing. Fluorescent polymerase enzyme substrates of the invention have a protein shield between the fluorescent dye moieties and nucleotide moieties of the polymerase enzyme substrate. The polymerase enzyme substrates have a nucleotide component and a dye component, each attached to a protein. The attachments can be covalent. The protein can, for example, prevent the direct interaction of the fluorescent dye moiety with the enzyme when carrying out nucleotide synthesis, preventing photodamage to the enzyme. The polymerase enzyme substrates of the invention can have multiple dyes and multiple nucleotide moieties.

Compositions, methods, and systems are provided for fluorescent polymerase enzyme substrates comprising protein shields for improving enzyme photostability in single molecule real time sequencing. Fluorescent polymerase enzyme substrates of the invention have a protein shield between the fluorescent dye moieties and nucleotide moieties of the polymerase enzyme substrate. The polymerase enzyme substrates have a nucleotide component and a dye component, each attached to a protein. The attachments can be covalent. The protein can, for example, prevent the direct interaction of the fluorescent dye moiety with the enzyme when carrying out nucleotide synthesis, preventing photodamage to the enzyme. The polymerase enzyme substrates of the invention can have multiple dyes and multiple nucleotide moieties.

The present invention provides a Mitrecin A polypeptide useful in prevention and treatment of one or more bacteria. Also provided is a method to kill or prevent growth of one or more bacteria comprising contacting the one or more bacteria with a Mitrecin A polypeptide. The target bacteria can be selected from the group consisting of a Gram-positive bacterium, a Gram-negative bacterium, or both. In one embodiment, the present invention is drawn to a polynucleotide encoding a Mitrecin A polypeptide, a vector comprising the polynucleotide, a host cell comprising the polynucleotide, or a composition comprising the Mitrecin A polypeptide, the polynucleotide, the vector, or the host cell.

The present invention provides a Mitrecin A polypeptide useful in prevention and treatment of one or more bacteria. Also provided is a method to kill or prevent growth of one or more bacteria comprising contacting the one or more bacteria with a Mitrecin A polypeptide. The target bacteria can be selected from the group consisting of a Gram-positive bacterium, a Gram-negative bacterium, or both. In one embodiment, the present invention is drawn to a polynucleotide encoding a Mitrecin A polypeptide, a vector comprising the polynucleotide, a host cell comprising the polynucleotide, or a composition comprising the Mitrecin A polypeptide, the polynucleotide, the vector, or the host cell.