The present invention relates to a new use of an immunomodulatory protein derived from Ganoderma or a recombinant or a composition thereof in reducing damage caused by fine particulate matter on embryos and offspring. Accordingly, the present invention suggests that the Ganoderma immunomodulatory protein administrated to pregnant animals can prevent neurological damages and reduce risk of disorders in embryos and offspring.

[Problem] To provide a method for detecting prostate cancer, the method having a higher degree of certainty than the PSA blood test and providing measurement values that correlate with risk classification.

[Solution] This method for detecting prostate cancer is characterized in that: the method includes reacting fucose 1.fwdarw.6 specific lectin and fucosylated PSA contained in a sample constituted of serum collected from a subject, and detecting the reacted lectin; and the pH in at least one step of the group consisting of the reaction step for reacting the fucosylated PSA and the lectin and processing steps thereafter is adjusted to above 8.5 and less than 11.0.

This disclosure provides a genetically-modified bacterium from the genus Pseudomonas that produces itaconate or trans-aconitate. The disclosure further provides methods for producing itaconate or trans-aconitate using a genetically-modified bacterium from the genus Pseudomonas.

The present invention relates to cytolytic bi-component protein complexes consisting of a plurality of molecules of a member of the aegerolysin family and a plurality of molecules of a member of the MACPF superfamily, and particularly to their use for controlling a plant pest, such as for controlling Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) or Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera). More specifically, the invention relates to cytolytic bi-component protein complexes formed by a plurality of molecules of one of the aegerolysins ostreolysin A6 (OlyA6), pleurotolysin A2 (PlyA2) and erylysin A (EryA) with a plurality of molecules of pleurotolysin B (PlyB) or similar proteins, which have been shown to be toxic for the aforementioned agricultural pest insects.

Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to lignin-modifying enzymes and systems and methods of their manufacture. In many embodiments, the lignin-modifying enzymes are lignin-degrading enzymes capable of breaking down lignin into component parts that are usable for other purposes. Several embodiments are directed to systems for producing lignin-modifying enzymes in vivo, including in yeast and/or plant species, and certain embodiments are directed to methods of creating these systems, including transfecting the species to produce lignin-modifying enzymes.

Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to lignin-modifying enzymes and systems and methods of their manufacture. In many embodiments, the lignin-modifying enzymes are lignin-degrading enzymes capable of breaking down lignin into component parts that are usable for other purposes. Several embodiments are directed to systems for producing lignin-modifying enzymes in vivo, including in yeast and/or plant species, and certain embodiments are directed to methods of creating these systems, including transfecting the species to produce lignin-modifying enzymes.

Mutants of recombinant immunoregulatory protein of Ganoderma lucidum (rLZ-8) and applications thereof are provided. It is found by the present invention that: an anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) domain exists in a structure of the rLZ-8; particularly, the domain through positive potential characteristics thereof induces a killing effect to an abnormal EGFR-expressed tumor. Based on the above scientific discovery, with utilizing computational simulation technology, the mutants of the rLZ-8, having better antitumor effects, are obtained.

Mutants of recombinant immunoregulatory protein of Ganoderma lucidum (rLZ-8) and applications thereof are provided. It is found by the present invention that: an anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) domain exists in a structure of the rLZ-8; particularly, the domain through positive potential characteristics thereof induces a killing effect to an abnormal EGFR-expressed tumor. Based on the above scientific discovery, with utilizing computational simulation technology, the mutants of the rLZ-8, having better antitumor effects, are obtained.

This disclosure provides a genetically-modified bacterium from the genus Pseudomonas that produces itaconate or trans-aconitate. The disclosure further provides methods for producing itaconate or trans-aconitate using a genetically-modified bacterium from the genus Pseudomonas.

The present invention relates to a new use of an immunomodulatory protein derived from Ganoderma or a recombinant or a composition thereof in reducing damage caused by fine particulate matter on embryos and offspring. Accordingly, the present invention suggests that the Ganoderma immunomodulatory protein administrated to pregnant animals can prevent neurological damages and reduce risk of disorders in embryos and offspring.