A system for editing of a target sequence at a locus of a host cell is disclosed. The system has a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid segment comprising a targeting RNA sequence and an RNA segment that binds a protein. The system also has a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleic acid segment encoding a polypeptide with endonuclease activity fused to a protein that binds the RNA segment. The system also comprises a double stranded DNA molecule comprising DNA comprising at least one nucleotide sequence that is capable of binding to the target sequence at the locus.

Provided is a Pichia pastoris mutant strain for expressing an exogenous gene. Specifically, provided is a Pichia pastoris mutant strain comprising, with respect to Pichia pastoris mutant strain GS115 or CICC32806, one or more of the following six mutations: BQ9382_C1-2260, EKK deletions at positions 308-310, a hypothetical protein; BQ9382_C1-3800, E129K, 60S ribosomal subunit assembly/exported protein LOC1; BQ9382_C1-5700, I312M, mitochondrial external NADH dehydrogenase, type II NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase; BQ9382_C2-3950, Q145X, an essential protein having a binding partner Psr1p and used for completely activating a general stress response; BQ9382_C3-2220, E188K, a hypothetical protein; and BQ9382_C3-4370, W196X, orotidine 5\′-phosphate decarboxylase. The provided Pichia pastoris mutant strain is an effective commonly employed host for exogenous expression, and can efficiently express different proteins, especially phospholipase and lipase.

The present invention relates to an acid-resistant yeast endowed with a lactic acid production ability and having a suppressed ethanol production pathway, and a method for producing lactic acid using same. According to the present invention, by effectively suppressing the production of ethanol in an acid-resistant yeast, and by expressing an LDH enzyme with strong expression and high efficiency, it is possible to produce lactic acid with high yield even at low pH without degrading growth.

The present invention relates to an acid-resistant yeast endowed with a lactic acid production ability and having a suppressed ethanol production pathway, and a method for producing lactic acid using same. According to the present invention, by effectively suppressing the production of ethanol in an acid-resistant yeast, and by expressing an LDH enzyme with strong expression and high efficiency, it is possible to produce lactic acid with high yield even at low pH without degrading growth.

A macromolecule membrane structure (2) comprises a membrane (3) with water-channeling integral membrane proteins (IMPS) (1) and is coated, on a first surface, with a silica layer (4). The silica layer (4) stabilizes the macromolecule membrane structure (2) and the water-channeling IMPS (1) while maintaining the water-channeling function of the water-channeling IMPs (1). As a consequence of this stabilization, the macromolecule membrane structure (2) may be used in a filtration device (5) for various filtration operations, including water purification.

A macromolecule membrane structure (2) comprises a membrane (3) with water-channeling integral membrane proteins (IMPS) (1) and is coated, on a first surface, with a silica layer (4). The silica layer (4) stabilizes the macromolecule membrane structure (2) and the water-channeling IMPS (1) while maintaining the water-channeling function of the water-channeling IMPs (1). As a consequence of this stabilization, the macromolecule membrane structure (2) may be used in a filtration device (5) for various filtration operations, including water purification.

Lipid production control factors in yeasts are provided. A yeast 115694 gene, a yeast 4888 gene, and a yeast 45559 gene are provided as lipid production control factors.

The present disclosure relates to recombinant yeast strains capable of maintaining their robustness at high temperature as well as recombinant proteins expressed therefrom. The present disclosure also provides methods for using the recombinant yeast strain for making a fermentation product. The present disclosure further process a process for making recombinant yeast strains capable of maintaining their robustness at high temperature.

The present disclosure relates to recombinant yeast strains capable of maintaining their robustness at high temperature as well as recombinant proteins expressed therefrom. The present disclosure also provides methods for using the recombinant yeast strain for making a fermentation product. The present disclosure further process a process for making recombinant yeast strains capable of maintaining their robustness at high temperature.

The present invention relates to a recombinant microorganism comprising one or more nucleotide sequence(s) encoding: a polypeptide having ent-copalyl pyrophosphate synthase activity; a polypeptide having ent-Kaurene synthase activity; a polypeptide having ent-Kaurene oxidase activity; and a polypeptide having kaurenoic acid 13-hydroxylase activity, whereby expression of the nucleotide sequence(s) confer(s) on the microorganism the ability to produce at least steviol.