GPCR-fusion partner proteins comprising G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) of GPCRs and fusion partners such as rubredoxin, cytochrome b562 RIL (Bril, bRIL, BRIL), T4 lysozyme C-terminal fragment (C-term-T4L), flavodoxin, or xylanase either substituted for some or all of the third intracellular loop of the GPCR between the fifth and sixth helix of the GPCR are described or attached to an terminus or C terminus of the GPCR. GPCR-fusion partner proteins in crystalline form, optionally of a quality suitable for x-ray crystallographic structure determination of the GPCR, are described. Methods of using fusion partners in GPCR-fusion partner proteins to support crystallization of GPCR-fusion partner proteins for x-ray crystallographic structure determination of the GPCR, are described. Methods of identifying other suitable fusion partners through screening of protein data banks are also described.

A cytochrome b-glucose dehydrogenase fusion protein having modified electron transfer properties, and a glucose measurement method and measuring kit using the cytochrome b-glucose dehydrogenase fusion protein are provided. Provided are a cytochrome b-glucose dehydrogenase fusion protein in which glucose dehydrogenase having homology with SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 4 and cytochrome b are linked together, as well as a glucose measurement method, a measurement reagent kit and a sensor using the cytochrome b-glucose dehydrogenase fusion protein. The cytochrome b-glucose dehydrogenase fusion protein of the present invention has modified electron transfer properties, and can be used for measuring glucose in the presence of a free-form mediator in reduced concentration or in the absence of a free-form mediator, and can be used, for example, in continuous glucose monitoring.

A cytochrome b-glucose dehydrogenase fusion protein having modified electron transfer properties, and a glucose measurement method and measuring kit using the cytochrome b-glucose dehydrogenase fusion protein are provided. Provided are a cytochrome b-glucose dehydrogenase fusion protein in which glucose dehydrogenase having homology with SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 4 and cytochrome b are linked together, as well as a glucose measurement method, a measurement reagent kit and a sensor using the cytochrome b-glucose dehydrogenase fusion protein. The cytochrome b-glucose dehydrogenase fusion protein of the present invention has modified electron transfer properties, and can be used for measuring glucose in the presence of a free-form mediator in reduced concentration or in the absence of a free-form mediator, and can be used, for example, in continuous glucose monitoring.

Provided are a CYBB lentiviral vector, a lentiviral vector-transduced stem cell, a preparation method and application thereof. The lentiviral vector includes a hEF 1α promoter and CYBB that are organized in tandem. The lentiviral vector carries the CYBB gene which under the initiation of the hEF 1α promoter, and expresses the carried CYBB gene in differentiated or undifferentiated stem cells. Stem cells serve as a delivery vector.

The present invention provides improved P450-BM3 variants with improved activity. In some embodiments, the P450-BM3 variants exhibit improved activity over a wide range of substrates.

The present invention provides improved P450-BM3 variants with improved activity. In some embodiments, the P450-BM3 variants exhibit improved activity over a wide range of substrates.

A recombinant protein, including: (a) alpha subunit of an FAD-GDH; and (b) a minimal cytochrome c peptide is provided. Additionally, an electrode coupled to a recombinant protein, the recombinant protein made of: (a) a cofactor of a redox enzyme; (b) a redox enzyme; (c) a linker moiety configured to link any one of: the cofactor or the enzyme to an electron transfer (ET) domain; and (d) an ET domain, is also provided. Methods for: (a) transferring an electron to an electrode, by coupling the recombinant protein an electrode; and (b) quantifying the amount of an analyte e.g., glucose are also provided.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to genetically altered plants with enhanced biomass including genetic alterations that stimulate RubP regeneration and electron transport. In particular, the present disclosure relates to genetically altered plants with enhanced biomass through overexpression of CB proteins (e.g., FBPase/SBPase or SBPase), and overexpression of photosynthetic electron transport proteins (e.g., cytochrome c.sub.6 and Rieske FeS).

The present invention provides improved P450-BM3 variants with improved activity. In some embodiments, the P450-BM3 variants exhibit improved activity over a wide range of substrates.

The present invention provides improved P450-BM3 variants with improved activity. In some embodiments, the P450-BM3 variants exhibit improved activity over a wide range of substrates.