The present invention relates to in vitro assays, more particularly ELISA assays. Said ELISA assays comprise antibodies capable of binding Ubiquitous surface protein A2 (UspA2) from Moraxella catarrhalis. The present invention relates to assays for assessing the binding of antibodies to UspA2 and the relative potency of vaccine test samples comprising UspA2. In particular, the invention relates to in vitro relative potency assays used in the release of vaccine that comprises UspA2 to the public.

The present invention provides a novel antibody-pyrrolodiazepine derivative and a novel antibody-pyrrolodiazepine derivative conjugate using the same, and a novel CLDN6 and/or CLDN9 antibody.

The present invention relates to an immunodiagnostic kit and method for co-detection of R. solanacearum and F. oxysporum that cause bacterial wilt disease and fungal wilt disease, respectively, which are difficult to accurately diagnose due to the overlapping onset time and similar disease symptoms thereof in plants, and to a test kit for determining a pathogen of plant wilt disease in an early stage by using a semi-quantitative lateral flow immunodiagnostic technique to detect the pathogen in a plant juice. In addition, the kit and method can semi-quantitatively measure a density of a pathogen to determine a degree of infection to the plant. According to the configuration of the present invention, the kit and method can simultaneously detect R. solanacearum and F. oxysporum in a separate manner and as such, is helpful in accurately diagnosing diseases more easily within a shorter period of time than conventional observation by naked eye or microorganism separation and identification methods. Therefore, the present invention can advantageously contribute to the selection by farmers of chemicals for treatment of plant diseases.

The use of a genetic method to down-regulate RBO/EFR3/EFR3A/EFR3B proteins, TTC7 protein or PI4KIIIα enzyme protein which interacts with RBO/EFR3/EFR3A/EFR3B proteins and TTC7 protein, or the use of a drug to inhibit PI4KIIIα protein kinase activity reduces the accumulation of Aβ.sub.42 within neurons and age-dependent synaptic transmission failure and other obstacles in a fruit fly AD model, and obtains an effect of improving the learning and memory abilities of AD model mice. Provided is a method for using an RBO/EFR3/EFR3A/EFR3B inhibitor, a TTC7 inhibitor and a PI4KIIIα inhibitor to treat Alzheimer's disease. Also provided is a method for screening a drug treating Alzheimer's disease by whether Aβ secretion by nerve cells is promoted or not.

The present disclosure relates to a method of diagnosing Lyme disease in a subject comprising measuring the level of B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan or the level of an antibody that specifically binds to B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan (“anti-peptidoglycan agent”). The present disclosure also relates to a method of treating a Lyme disease in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject an antagonist against B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan (e.g., an anti-peptidoglycan antibody or a peptidoglycan-specific hydrolase). Antagonists (e.g., anti-peptidoglycan antibodies) suitable for the present methods are also disclosed.

The present invention provides multispecific antigen-binding molecules and uses thereof. The multispecific antigen-binding molecules comprise a first antigen-binding domain that specifically binds a target molecule, and a second antigen-binding domain that specifically binds an internalizing effector protein. The multispecific antigen-binding molecules of the present invention can, in some embodiments, be bispecific antibodies that are capable of binding both a target molecule and an internalizing effector protein. In certain embodiments of the invention, the simultaneous binding of the target molecule and the internalizing effector protein by the multispecific antigen-binding molecule of the present invention results in the attenuation of the activity of the target molecule to a greater extent than the binding of the target molecule alone. In other embodiments of the invention, the target molecule is a tumor associated antigen, and the simultaneous binding of the tumor associated antigen and the internalizing effector protein by the multispecific antigen-binding molecule of the present invention causes or facilitates the targeted killing of tumor cells.

Synthetic binding agents for reducing the fraction of targets that can permeate through mucus and/or freely divide, and methods of reducing mucosal permeation and/or free division of a target using these synthetic binding agents.

Antibody molecule-drug conjugates (ADCs) that specifically bind to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are disclosed. The antibody molecule-drug conjugates can be used to treat, prevent, and/or diagnose bacterial infections and related disorders.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for the treatment of immunodeficiency (e.g., primary immunodeficiency disease). In particular, the invention provides human plasma immunoglobulin compositions containing select antibody titers specific for a plurality of respiratory pathogens, methods of identifying human donors and donor samples for use in the compositions, methods of manufacturing the compositions, and methods of utilizing the compositions (e.g., for prophylactic administration and/or therapeutic treatment (e.g., passive immunization (e.g., immune-prophylaxis))).

The invention refers to a composition comprising inactivated cells deficient in LPS from the genus Acinetobacter and/or outer membrane vesicles form the same and their use for the manufacture of a medicament, preferably a vaccine, for the prevention of diseases produced by organisms of the genus Acinetobacter.