The present invention provides a virus collection matrix, including: a porous gel or fibrous structure formed by a positively charged polymer material; and a plurality of ACE 2 receptors. The plurality of ACE 2 receptors are negatively charged, and distributed and covered on the surface of the porous gel or fibrous structure. The whole virus collection matrix is positively charged.

Exosomes are disclosed that are modified to include an anti-neovascularization agent and a targeting modality that extends outwardly from a surface membrane of the exosome. Also disclosed are methods of producing and using the exosomes, for example as treatments for ocular conditions involving neovascularization.

Exosomes are disclosed that are modified to include an anti-neovascularization agent and a targeting modality that extends outwardly from a surface membrane of the exosome. Also disclosed are methods of producing and using the exosomes, for example as treatments for ocular conditions involving neovascularization.

Disclosed are methods for producing matrix-encapsulated proteins, including matrix-encapsulated hemoglobin. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a matrix-encapsulated hemoglobin, as well as methods of using thereof to treat hypoxia, cyanide poisoning, hydrogen sulfide poisoning, and/or azide poisoning.

Disclosed are methods for producing matrix-encapsulated proteins, including matrix-encapsulated hemoglobin. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a matrix-encapsulated hemoglobin, as well as methods of using thereof to treat hypoxia, cyanide poisoning, hydrogen sulfide poisoning, and/or azide poisoning.