Provided herein are extracellular vesicle (EV) (a.k.a. exosome) compositions for specifically targeting the delivery of a therapeutic agent to particular cells and/or tissues in a subject, as well as methods of making and methods of using said compositions. The compositions and methods disclosed herein are useful for targeted drug delivery in the treatment of diseases in which a cell surface receptor is overexpressed, such as, for example, cancer.

Provided herein are de novo binding domain containing polypeptides (DBDpp) that specifically bind a target of interest. Nucleic acids encoding the DBDpp, and vectors and host cells containing the nucleic acids are also provided. Libraries of DBDpp, methods of producing and screening such libraries and the DBDpp identified from such libraries and screens are also encompassed. Methods of making and using the DBDpp are additionally provided. Such uses include, without limitation, affinity purification, and diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

The present invention relates to fusion proteins comprising a cell surface marker specific VHH. In particular, the invention relates to bispecific VHH adaptor proteins, i.e. fusion proteins comprising an adeno-associated virus (AAV) specific VHH linked to a cell surface marker specific VHH. Moreover, the invention relates to a recombinant AAV which comprises a fusion protein in which a cell surface marker specific VHH is integrated into a capsid protein of the AAV. Also nucleotide sequences encoding such fusion proteins, vectors are contemplated. The invention moreover refers to uses of the fusion proteins and nucleic sequences for gene therapy.

Signal sequences useful for targeting proteins and peptides to the surface of endospores produced by Paenibacillus family members and methods of using the same are provided. The display of heterologous molecules, such as peptides, polypeptides and other recombinant constructs, on the spore surface of Paenibacillus family members, using particular N-terminal targeting sequences and derivatives of the same, are also provided.

The disclosure relates to the recombinant Gla domain proteins and their use targeting phosphatidylserine (PtdS) moieties on the surface of cells, particularly those expressing elevated levels of PtdS, such as cells undergoing apoptosis.

Provided herein is a two-component photosensitizer, which demonstrated robust and selective killing effects for transfected HEK cells and affibody targeted A431 cancer cells when exposed to near infrared light excitation. Free MG2I is a pure and stable fluorogen; it is easy to synthesize and modify, and has no toxicity to cells. Unlike conventional photosensitizers, the dye and FAP itself has no photosensitizing effect until they are bound. Also unlike other activation methods, the activation step is achieved by adding the fluorogen, not the presence of the targeted molecule, requiring an active activation instead of a passive activation. This method offers the ability to locally switch-on and selective generation of singlet oxygen at the target site and can be used for a wide variety of molecular targets.

Methods for single cell analysis by determining the presence and/or amount of one or more target molecules in a plurality of cells may include: (i) immobilizing said plurality of cells on a solid substrate, wherein the cells are immobilized in form of a monolayer; (ii) determining the position of the individual immobilized cells on the solid substrate; (iii) measuring the auto-fluorescence of the individual immobilized cells; (iv) contacting the immobilized cells with a first detection reagent comprising (a) a moiety that specifically recognizes and binds a first target molecule and (b) a fluorescent label under conditions that allow binding of the detection reagent to the first target molecule; (v) measuring the fluorescence of the fluorescent label of the detection reagent bound to the first target molecule for the individual immobilized cells; (vi) determining the presence and/or amount of the first target molecule in the individual immobilized cells by comparing the fluorescence measured in step (v) with the fluorescence measured in step (iii) on a cell-by-cell basis.

The present invention is directed to a method of controlling and directing cells, for example to stimulate an immune response, inhibit an immune response, direct tissue regeneration or prevent tissue damage for therapeutic activity through the use of heterodimerically-tethered bispecific protein complex of formula A-X:Y-B. Component A may present X on the surface of a cell, may bind a protein (including a marker) expressed on the surface of an effector cell, or A-X is expressed on the surface of an effector cell, whilst B is specific to an epitope on target cell or tissue of interest. X:Y is a heterodimeric-tether which is formed by a binding interaction between X and Y, which together with A and B assists and effects the controlling and directing of the selected cells.

The present disclosure relates to a method of targeting extracellular vesicles employing a molecule comprising a GLA domain and extracellular vesicles obtained or obtainable from a method disclosed herein.

The present invention relates to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) receptor-activating antibody fusion proteins with FcyR-independent agonistic activity, and to compositions and methods related thereto.