The present disclosure relates to systems, methods, and processes for the production of sugars and conversion products from biomass.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily extracting and efficiently recovering xylan from wood.

A xylan-containing material is produced by a method comprising the steps of: (a) adding an acid and/or carbon dioxide to a black liquor discharged during a soda cooking step of wood chips including hardwood chips to adjust the pH of the black liquor to be in the range of 1 to 9, thereby giving a suspension; (b) dehydrating and washing an insoluble matter generated in the suspension to separately collect the insoluble matter; and (c) adding an organic solvent to the insoluble matter obtained at the step (b) to give a suspension, and separately collecting a xylan-containing material made of the insoluble matter present in the suspension by solid/liquid separation.

A food grade water-soluble arabinoxylan product containing arabinoxylan oligosaccharides and retaining a high amount of bound ferulic acid and other phenolic substances is isolated from corn fiber using an aqueous extraction wherein the pH of the aqueous medium employed for the extraction is adjusted to a selected value after mixing with the corn fiber and prior to the initiation of extraction.

The present invention provides a method for the extraction and isolation of soluble arabinoxylan products from cereal grain. Preferably, such soluble arabinoxylan product is any one of soluble arabinoxylan, arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides, xylose, arabinose, ferulic acid and mixtures thereof. Said method comprises partial debranning of whole cereal grains to obtain partially debranned cereal grains followed by roller milling of said partially debranned cereal grains to obtain cereal bran. The method further comprises the mashing of at least part of said cereal bran in water optionally involving the treatment of the mash with any one of an enzyme preparation, an acid, a base, a peroxide or combinations thereof, either simultaneously or sequentially, to solubilize and optionally depolymerize a fraction of the arabinoxylan comprised in said cereal bran. Preferably, said treatment is done with an enzyme preparation containing an endoxylanase. The method further comprises the separation from said mash of a solubilized fraction, which comprises at least part of the solubilized soluble arabinoxylan products.

Process for the treatment of biomass comprising dried and pulverized citrus pulp, said process comprising the following steps: A. mixing the biomass with a process solvent selected from a eutectic solvent comprising a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor, an ionic liquid and a mixture of said eutectic solvent and said ionic solvent, and precipitation of cellulose residues; B. separation of the insoluble cellulose residues precipitated in step A; C. separation of the hemicellulose and the pectin from the process solvent; wherein in the aforesaid step C. of the separation of hemicellulose and pectin is performed through the addition of a lower alcohol and water, thus allowing the precipitation of the hemicellulose and the pectin and their subsequent separation with conventional techniques from the liquid phase comprising process solvent, organic solvent and possibly water.

Various embodiments disclosed relate to treatment fluids comprising a compound of the formula (I): wherein G.sub.1, G.sub.2, L.sub.1, L.sub.2, L.sub.3, q, and r are defined herein. Various other embodiments relates to methods of treating subterranean formations with such treatment fluids. ##STR00001##

Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity, hydrophobic cellulose. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and depositing lignin onto cellulose fibers to produce lignin-coated cellulose materials (such as dissolving pulp). The crystallinity of the cellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the hydrophobic cellulose to form completely renewable composites.

Provided is a method of coalescing a substance comprising providing a first mixture comprising a substance, agitating at least a portion of the first mixture under turbulent conditions for a first time period, thereby causing particles comprising and substance to collide and form into larger particles.

Provided herein are purified hemicellulose compositions, sweetener compositions including purified hemicellulose compositions, as well as methods for making the same. Also provided are uses of the compositions.

The present invention relates to methods of processing lignocellulosic material to obtain hemicellulose sugars, cellulose sugars, lignin, cellulose and other high-value products such as asphalt and bio oils. Also provided are hemicellulose sugars, cellulose sugars, lignin, cellulose, and other high-value products such as asphalt and bio oils.