Provided are a copolymer of diallylamines and sulfur dioxide having a high molecular weight and a low content amount of impurities such as halogens, and a production method with which it is possible to produce such a copolymer relatively simply and at low cost. This problem is solved by: a copolymer having a weight-average molecular weight of 150,000 or higher obtained by GPC measurement and a degree of polymerization of 1000 or higher, the copolymer being obtained by copolymerizing sulfur dioxide and a sulfonate or alkyl sulfate salt of diallylamines having a specific structure; and a method for producing a copolymer, the method having a step for copolymerizing sulfur dioxide and a sulfonate or alkyl sulfate salt of diallylamines having a specific structure in ethylene glycol or in propylene glycol monomethyl ether.

To provide a composition having a very low refractive index, an organic photoelectronic element using the composition, and simple methods for producing such a composition and an organic photoelectronic element.

A composition comprising a fluorinated polymer, an organic semiconductor material and a dopant.

Provided is a rubber composition for tires which contains: a rubber component including an aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer that contains aromatic vinyl units and conjugated diene units, a high-cis polybutadiene rubber having a cis microstructure content of 95% by mass or higher, and an isoprene-based rubber; carbon black; and a silica having a N.sub.2SA of 40 m.sup.2/g or more, the copolymer containing at least 80% of isolated aromatic vinyl units based on the total aromatic vinyl units, the copolymer having a Tg of more than 10 C. but less than 20 C. as determined by DSC, the rubber component including, based on 100% by mass thereof, 1-45% by mass of the copolymer, 20-64% by mass of the high-cis polybutadiene rubber, and 35-60% by mass of the isoprene-based rubber, the rubber composition containing 5 parts by mass or more of the silica per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.

Provided is a rubber composition for tires which contains: a rubber component including an aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer that contains aromatic vinyl units and conjugated diene units, a high-cis polybutadiene rubber having a cis microstructure content of 95% by mass or higher, and an isoprene-based rubber; carbon black; and a silica having a N.sub.2SA of 40 m.sup.2/g or more, the copolymer containing at least 80% of isolated aromatic vinyl units based on the total aromatic vinyl units, the copolymer having a Tg of more than 10 C. but less than 20 C. as determined by DSC, the rubber component including, based on 100% by mass thereof, 1-45% by mass of the copolymer, 20-64% by mass of the high-cis polybutadiene rubber, and 35-60% by mass of the isoprene-based rubber, the rubber composition containing 5 parts by mass or more of the silica per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.

The invention relates to a process for the synthesis of a polymer bearing one or more pendant hydroxyaryl groups, comprising the reaction of a polymer bearing at least one epoxide functional group with a nucleophilic compound simultaneously bearing the hydroxyaryl group and a nucleophilic functional group selected from the group consisting of the phosphonic acid functional group and its ionic form.

The invention relates to a process for the synthesis of a polymer bearing one or more pendant hydroxyaryl groups, comprising the reaction of a polymer bearing at least one epoxide functional group with a nucleophilic compound simultaneously bearing the hydroxyaryl group and a nucleophilic functional group selected from the group consisting of the phosphonic acid functional group and its ionic form.

The present invention provides polymer modified aqueous urea formaldehyde resin (UF resin) binder compositions useful in making a treated glass mat, e.g., for roofing shingles, wherein the polymer modifier is an multistage aqueous emulsion acorn copolymer comprising one protuberant polymer stage containing phosphorous acid groups and one or more other polymer stage comprising an addition copolymer incompatible with the protuberant polymer stage, wherein the multistage aqueous emulsion copolymer has a measured Tg of from 60 to 25 C., or, preferably from 30 to 12 C. and, further wherein the weight ratio of the total of monomers used to make the one or more other polymer stage to the total amount of monomers used to make the protuberant polymer stage ranges from 3:1 to 50:1, or, preferably, from 3:1 to 30:1 or, more preferably, from 3:1 to 20:1, or, even more preferably, from 8:1 to 12:1.

The present invention provides polymer modified aqueous urea formaldehyde resin (UF resin) binder compositions useful in making a treated glass mat, e.g., for roofing shingles, wherein the polymer modifier is an multistage aqueous emulsion acorn copolymer comprising one protuberant polymer stage containing phosphorous acid groups and one or more other polymer stage comprising an addition copolymer incompatible with the protuberant polymer stage, wherein the multistage aqueous emulsion copolymer has a measured Tg of from 60 to 25 C., or, preferably from 30 to 12 C. and, further wherein the weight ratio of the total of monomers used to make the one or more other polymer stage to the total amount of monomers used to make the protuberant polymer stage ranges from 3:1 to 50:1, or, preferably, from 3:1 to 30:1 or, more preferably, from 3:1 to 20:1, or, even more preferably, from 8:1 to 12:1.

Organosilica materials, which are a polymer of at least one independent monomer of Formula [Z.sup.1OZ.sup.2OSiCH.sub.2].sub.3 (I), wherein Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group or a bond to a silicon atom of another monomer and at least one other monomer is provided herein. Methods of preparing and processes of using the organosilica materials, e.g., for gas separation, color removal etc., are also provided herein.

Organosilica materials, which are a polymer of at least one independent monomer of Formula [Z.sup.1OZ.sup.2OSiCH.sub.2].sub.3 (I), wherein Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group or a bond to a silicon atom of another monomer and at least one other monomer is provided herein. Methods of preparing and processes of using the organosilica materials, e.g., for gas separation, color removal etc., are also provided herein.