A process and printer systems for printing a three-dimensional object are disclosed. The processes may include providing a non-crosslinked peroxydicarbonate-branched polypropylene filament, flake, pellet, or powder adapted for one of a fused deposition modeling (ARBURG Plastic Freeforming) printer or a fused filament fabrication printer; and printing the non-crosslinked peroxydicarbonate-branched polypropylene with fused deposition modeling (ARBURG Plastic Freeforming) printer or a fused filament fabrication printer to form a three-dimensional article. The printer systems may include one or more print heads for printing a polymer provided in filament, powder, flake, or pellet form to form a three-dimensional article; and one or more feed systems for providing a non-crosslinked peroxydicarbonate-branched polypropylene to a respective print head.

A metal complex of the formula (1) InCyLMZp (1), wherein M is a group 4 metal, Z is an anionic ligand, p is number of 1 to 2, InCy is an indole fused cyclopentadienyl-type ligand of the formula (2) wherein R.sup.1 independently is a C1-C4-alkyl, m is a number of 0 to 4, R.sup.2 is a C1-C10-alkyl, C5-C10-cycloalkyl, or a C6-C10-aryl unsubstituted or substituted with C1-C10-alkyl or C1-C4-dialkyl amino, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C6-C10-aryl unsubstituted or substituted with C1-C4-alkyl, halide, or both of C1-C4-alkyl and halide and, L is an amidinate ligand of the formula (3a) wherein the amidine-containing ligand (3a) is bonded to the metal M via the imine nitrogen atom N2, wherein R.sup.7 is independently selected from C1-C4-alkyl and halide and q is a number of 0 to 4, Sub.sub.4 is a cyclic or linear aliphatic or aromatic substituent. ##STR00001##

A metal complex of the formula (1) InCyLMZp (1), wherein M is a group 4 metal, Z is an anionic ligand, p is number of 1 to 2, InCy is an indole fused cyclopentadienyl-type ligand of the formula (2) wherein R.sup.1 independently is a C1-C4-alkyl, m is a number of 0 to 4, R.sup.2 is a C1-C10-alkyl, C5-C10-cycloalkyl, or a C6-C10-aryl unsubstituted or substituted with C1-C10-alkyl or C1-C4-dialkyl amino, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C6-C10-aryl unsubstituted or substituted with C1-C4-alkyl, halide, or both of C1-C4-alkyl and halide and, L is an amidinate ligand of the formula (3a) wherein the amidine-containing ligand (3a) is bonded to the metal M via the imine nitrogen atom N2, wherein R.sup.7 is independently selected from C1-C4-alkyl and halide and q is a number of 0 to 4, Sub.sub.4 is a cyclic or linear aliphatic or aromatic substituent. ##STR00001##

Provided are a heterophasic propylene polymerization material and an olefin polymer having a small high-boiling-point component amount index (FOG). The heterophasic propylene polymerization material satisfies the following formula (3): (X2×Y2)/Z2≤7.0 (3) wherein X2 represents a cold xylene soluble component amount (mass %) of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material; Y2 represents a percentage (%) of a component having a molecular weight of 104.0 or less in terms of polystyrene and contained in a cold xylene soluble component of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material based on all components of the cold xylene soluble component of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material as measured by gel permeation chromatography; and Z2 represents a content (mass %) of a propylene-based copolymer contained in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material and containing a propylene-derived monomer unit and a monomer unit derived from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-12 α-olefins.

Provided are a heterophasic propylene polymerization material and an olefin polymer having a small high-boiling-point component amount index (FOG). The heterophasic propylene polymerization material satisfies the following formula (3): (X2×Y2)/Z2≤7.0 (3) wherein X2 represents a cold xylene soluble component amount (mass %) of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material; Y2 represents a percentage (%) of a component having a molecular weight of 104.0 or less in terms of polystyrene and contained in a cold xylene soluble component of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material based on all components of the cold xylene soluble component of the heterophasic propylene polymerization material as measured by gel permeation chromatography; and Z2 represents a content (mass %) of a propylene-based copolymer contained in the heterophasic propylene polymerization material and containing a propylene-derived monomer unit and a monomer unit derived from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-12 α-olefins.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a propylene polymer, such as a propylene homopolymer, a propylene-ethylene random copolymer or a heterophasic propylene copolymer using a specific class of metallocene complexes in combination with a cocatalyst system comprising a boron containing cocatalyst and an aluminoxane cocatalyst, preferably in a multistage polymerization process including a gas phase polymerization step.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a propylene polymer, such as a propylene homopolymer, a propylene-ethylene random copolymer or a heterophasic propylene copolymer using a specific class of metallocene complexes in combination with a cocatalyst system comprising a boron containing cocatalyst and an aluminoxane cocatalyst, preferably in a multistage polymerization process including a gas phase polymerization step.

A method capable of stably performing continuous production of a propylene polymer with high productivity while reducing generation of agglomerates is described. In the method, a monomer(s) containing propylene is/are (co)polymerized in a presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst with a polymerization system containing two or more gas phase polymerization reactors or a polymerization system containing a liquid phase polymerization reactor(s) and a gas phase polymerization reactor(s) such that that the total number of liquid phase polymerization reactor(s) and gas phase polymerization reactor(s) is three or more. In at least one gas phase polymerization reactor, an average retention time τ.sub.G [hour] in the gas phase polymerization, an average particle diameter D.sub.pi [μm] of fed powder, and a total amount C.sub.o [wt %] of an ethylene-derived structural unit and C4-C12 α-olefin-derived structural units in a polymer in discharged powder are in a predetermined relationship.

A method capable of stably performing continuous production of a propylene polymer with high productivity while reducing generation of agglomerates is described. In the method, a monomer(s) containing propylene is/are (co)polymerized in a presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst with a polymerization system containing two or more gas phase polymerization reactors or a polymerization system containing a liquid phase polymerization reactor(s) and a gas phase polymerization reactor(s) such that that the total number of liquid phase polymerization reactor(s) and gas phase polymerization reactor(s) is three or more. In at least one gas phase polymerization reactor, an average retention time τ.sub.G [hour] in the gas phase polymerization, an average particle diameter D.sub.pi [μm] of fed powder, and a total amount C.sub.o [wt %] of an ethylene-derived structural unit and C4-C12 α-olefin-derived structural units in a polymer in discharged powder are in a predetermined relationship.

A method capable of stably performing continuous production of a propylene polymer with high productivity while reducing generation of agglomerates is described. In the method, a monomer(s) containing propylene is/are (co)polymerized in a presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst with a polymerization system containing two or more gas phase polymerization reactors or a polymerization system containing a liquid phase polymerization reactor(s) and a gas phase polymerization reactor(s) such that that the total number of liquid phase polymerization reactor(s) and gas phase polymerization reactor(s) is three or more. In at least one gas phase polymerization reactor, an average retention time τ.sub.G [hour] in the gas phase polymerization, an average particle diameter D.sub.pi [μm] of fed powder, and a total amount C.sub.o [wt %] of an ethylene-derived structural unit and C4-C12 α-olefin-derived structural units in a polymer in discharged powder are in a predetermined relationship.