According to one embodiment, a pattern forming material is disclosed. The pattern forming material contains a polymer. The polymer includes a specific first monomer unit. The monomer unit has a structure having ester of a carboxyl group at a terminal of a side chain. In the ester, a carbon atom bonded to an oxygen atom next to a carbonyl group is a primary carbon, a secondary carbon or a tertiary carbon. The pattern forming material is used for manufacturing a composite film as a mask pattern for processing a target film on a substrate. The composite film is formed by a process including, forming an organic film on the target film with the pattern forming material, patterning the organic film, and forming the composite film by infiltering a metal compound into the patterned organic film.

There is provided a method for more easily producing an acrylic rubber capable of providing a crosslinked rubber having excellent water resistance. A method for producing an acrylic rubber comprising the steps of subjecting a monomer to emulsion polymerization to obtain a polymerized emulsion; mixing the polymerized emulsion with a coagulant to obtain a water-containing crumb; and water-washing the water-containing crumb, wherein, in the step of water-washing the water-containing crumb, the water-containing crumb is water-washed until an electrical conductivity of the washing water after water-washing the water-containing crumb becomes 6.0 mS/cm or less.

There is provided a method for more easily producing an acrylic rubber capable of providing a crosslinked rubber having excellent water resistance. A method for producing an acrylic rubber comprising the steps of subjecting a monomer to emulsion polymerization to obtain a polymerized emulsion; mixing the polymerized emulsion with a coagulant to obtain a water-containing crumb; and water-washing the water-containing crumb, wherein, in the step of water-washing the water-containing crumb, the water-containing crumb is water-washed until an electrical conductivity of the washing water after water-washing the water-containing crumb becomes 6.0 mS/cm or less.

A fluorine-containing polymer for a metal-clad laminated sheet, containing: a polymerized unit based on a fluorine-containing vinyl monomer; and a polymerized unit based on a vinyl ester monomer other than the fluorine-containing vinyl monomer. The fluorine-containing polymer contains not more than 1 mol % in total of a polymerized unit based on a monomer containing a hydroxy group and a polymerized unit based on a monomer containing a carboxy group, of all polymerized units. Also disclosed is a composition containing the fluorine-containing polymer, a curable composition containing the fluorine-containing polymer and an epoxy resin, a metal-clad laminated sheet including a metal foil and a resin layer provided on the metal foil and being formed of the curable composition, and a printed substrate including a patterned circuit formed by etching the metal foil of the metal-clad laminated sheet.

A fluorine-containing polymer for a metal-clad laminated sheet, containing: a polymerized unit based on a fluorine-containing vinyl monomer; and a polymerized unit based on a vinyl ester monomer other than the fluorine-containing vinyl monomer. The fluorine-containing polymer contains not more than 1 mol % in total of a polymerized unit based on a monomer containing a hydroxy group and a polymerized unit based on a monomer containing a carboxy group, of all polymerized units. Also disclosed is a composition containing the fluorine-containing polymer, a curable composition containing the fluorine-containing polymer and an epoxy resin, a metal-clad laminated sheet including a metal foil and a resin layer provided on the metal foil and being formed of the curable composition, and a printed substrate including a patterned circuit formed by etching the metal foil of the metal-clad laminated sheet.

A water/oil repellent composition which can provide an article with high and durable water repellency is provided. A water/oil repellent composition comprising units based on a fluoroolefin represented by the formula (1): CH.sub.2═CH—R.sup.f (wherein R.sup.f is a C.sub.1-8 perfluoroalkyl group), units based on a vinyl carboxylate (b1) having a C.sub.12 or higher alkyl group and units based on a vinyl carboxylate (b2) having a C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, wherein the ratio of units based on the fluoroolefin is from 20 to 35 mol %, the ratio of units based on the vinyl carboxylate (b1) is from 30 to 70 mol %, and the ratio of units based on the vinyl carboxylate (b2) is from 5 to 50 mol %, relative to all the units in the fluorinated polymer.

A water/oil repellent composition which can provide an article with high and durable water repellency is provided. A water/oil repellent composition comprising units based on a fluoroolefin represented by the formula (1): CH.sub.2═CH—R.sup.f (wherein R.sup.f is a C.sub.1-8 perfluoroalkyl group), units based on a vinyl carboxylate (b1) having a C.sub.12 or higher alkyl group and units based on a vinyl carboxylate (b2) having a C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, wherein the ratio of units based on the fluoroolefin is from 20 to 35 mol %, the ratio of units based on the vinyl carboxylate (b1) is from 30 to 70 mol %, and the ratio of units based on the vinyl carboxylate (b2) is from 5 to 50 mol %, relative to all the units in the fluorinated polymer.

A water/oil repellent composition which can provide an article with high and durable water repellency is provided. A water/oil repellent composition comprising units based on a fluoroolefin represented by the formula (1): CH.sub.2═CH—R.sup.f (wherein R.sup.f is a C.sub.1-8 perfluoroalkyl group), units based on a vinyl carboxylate having a C.sub.12 or higher alkyl group, and units based on a haloolefin other than the fluoroolefin or a derivative thereof, wherein the ratio of units based on the fluoroolefin is from 15 to 35 mol %, the ratio of units based on the vinyl carboxylate is from 30 to 60 mol %, and the ratio of units based on the haloolefin or derivative thereof is from 5 to 55 mol %, relative to all the units constituting the fluorinated polymer:

A water/oil repellent composition which can provide an article with high and durable water repellency is provided. A water/oil repellent composition comprising units based on a fluoroolefin represented by the formula (1): CH.sub.2═CH—R.sup.f (wherein R.sup.f is a C.sub.1-8 perfluoroalkyl group), units based on a vinyl carboxylate having a C.sub.12 or higher alkyl group, and units based on a haloolefin other than the fluoroolefin or a derivative thereof, wherein the ratio of units based on the fluoroolefin is from 15 to 35 mol %, the ratio of units based on the vinyl carboxylate is from 30 to 60 mol %, and the ratio of units based on the haloolefin or derivative thereof is from 5 to 55 mol %, relative to all the units constituting the fluorinated polymer:

A method of producing modified vinyl alcohol-based polymer particles, includes mixing vinyl alcohol-based polymer particles with a mixed medium containing unsaturated carboxylic acid, an acid catalyst, and water, wherein, by mixing the vinyl alcohol-based polymer particles with the mixed medium, the vinyl alcohol-based polymer particles are reacted with the unsaturated carboxylic acid to obtain modified vinyl alcohol-based polymer particles containing a vinyl ester unit represented by a formula (2) below, having a vinyl alcohol unit content based on the total constitutional units from 95 to 99.99 mol %, and having an average particle diameter from 50 to 2000 μm. The production method does not cause the problem of the residual sulfur content derived from a liquid medium used for reaction and is also capable of modifying the vinyl alcohol-based polymer particles while maintaining the particle shape.