Disclosed is a fluorine-containing oligomer comprising a copolymer of a fluoroalkyl alcohol (meth)acrylic acid derivative represented by the general formula:
C.sub.nF.sub.2n+1(CH.sub.2CF.sub.2).sub.a(CF.sub.2CF.sub.2).sub.b(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.cOCOCR═CH.sub.2  [I]
wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n is an integer of 1 to 6, a is an integer of 1 to 4; b is an integer of 0 to 3; and c is an integer of 1 to 3; and a (meth)acrylic acid derivative represented by the general formula:
(CH.sub.2═CRCO).sub.mR′  [II]
wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, m is 1, 2, or 3; and when m is 1, R′ is OH group, NH.sub.2 group that is unsubstituted or mono- or di-substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a monovalent group derived from an alkylene glycol or polyalkylene glycol group containing an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; when m is 2 or 3, R′ is a divalent or trivalent organic group derived from a diol or triol. The copolymerization reaction is performed using a hydrocarbon-based peroxide or azo compound polymerization initiator. Also disclosed are nano-silica composite particles formed as a condensate of the fluorine-containing oligomer and an alkoxysilane with nano-silica particles.

Disclosed is a fluorine-containing oligomer comprising a copolymer of a fluoroalkyl alcohol (meth)acrylic acid derivative represented by the general formula:
C.sub.nF.sub.2n+1(CH.sub.2CF.sub.2).sub.a(CF.sub.2CF.sub.2).sub.b(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.cOCOCR═CH.sub.2  [I]
wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n is an integer of 1 to 6, a is an integer of 1 to 4; b is an integer of 0 to 3; and c is an integer of 1 to 3; and a (meth)acrylic acid derivative represented by the general formula:
(CH.sub.2═CRCO).sub.mR′  [II]
wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, m is 1, 2, or 3; and when m is 1, R′ is OH group, NH.sub.2 group that is unsubstituted or mono- or di-substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a monovalent group derived from an alkylene glycol or polyalkylene glycol group containing an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; when m is 2 or 3, R′ is a divalent or trivalent organic group derived from a diol or triol. The copolymerization reaction is performed using a hydrocarbon-based peroxide or azo compound polymerization initiator. Also disclosed are nano-silica composite particles formed as a condensate of the fluorine-containing oligomer and an alkoxysilane with nano-silica particles.

A random copolymer suitable for reducing friction in lubricant compositions is disclosed. The random copolymer can include a short chain acrylate, a long chain acrylate, and a polar acrylate. The random copolymer can have a ratio of short chain acrylate to long chain acrylate of 0 to 2, and a molecular weight number of 1000 to 10000. The disclosure can include a lubricant containing a base oil and the random copolymer. A process for preparing the random copolymer and polymeric friction modifiers is also disclosed.

A random copolymer suitable for reducing friction in lubricant compositions is disclosed. The random copolymer can include a short chain acrylate, a long chain acrylate, and a polar acrylate. The random copolymer can have a ratio of short chain acrylate to long chain acrylate of 0 to 2, and a molecular weight number of 1000 to 10000. The disclosure can include a lubricant containing a base oil and the random copolymer. A process for preparing the random copolymer and polymeric friction modifiers is also disclosed.

A process to form a composition comprising an asymmetrical polyene, the asymmetrical polyene comprising an “α,β unsaturated-carbonyl end” and a “C—C double bond end,” the process comprising: reacting an alkene- or polyene-containing alcohol with an alkyl ester of an α,β unsaturated carboxylic acid in the presence of at least the following components A) through C) to form a solution comprising an asymmetrical polyene: A) a lithium salt; B) a component selected from the group consisting of hydroquinone, an alkyl-substituted phenol, a substituted alkyl-substituted phenol, an alkyl-substituted hydroquinone, a substituted alkyl-substituted hydroquinone, and combinations thereof; and C) an N-oxyl-containing compound; wherein the “α,β unsaturated-carbonyl end” of the asymmetrical polyene is selected from the group consisting of structures a) through c), as described herein, and wherein the “C—C double bond end” of the asymmetrical polyene is selected from the group consisting of structures 1) through 17), as described herein.

A process to form a composition comprising an asymmetrical polyene, the asymmetrical polyene comprising an “α,β unsaturated-carbonyl end” and a “C—C double bond end,” the process comprising: reacting an alkene- or polyene-containing alcohol with an alkyl ester of an α,β unsaturated carboxylic acid in the presence of at least the following components A) through C) to form a solution comprising an asymmetrical polyene: A) a lithium salt; B) a component selected from the group consisting of hydroquinone, an alkyl-substituted phenol, a substituted alkyl-substituted phenol, an alkyl-substituted hydroquinone, a substituted alkyl-substituted hydroquinone, and combinations thereof; and C) an N-oxyl-containing compound; wherein the “α,β unsaturated-carbonyl end” of the asymmetrical polyene is selected from the group consisting of structures a) through c), as described herein, and wherein the “C—C double bond end” of the asymmetrical polyene is selected from the group consisting of structures 1) through 17), as described herein.

Described are personal care compositions comprising a polymer comprising: (a) one or more polymer comprising, as polymerized units, (i) 75% to 35% by weight, based on the weight of said polymer, one or more (meth)acrylate monomer selected from at least one of C1-C4 (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid, styrene, or substituted styrene, and (ii) 25% to 65% by weight, based on the weight of said polymer, one or more hydrophobic monomer, including hydrophobically substituted (meth)acrylate monomers, with alkyl chain length from C8 to C22 and, (iii) optionally crosslinker, and, (b) at least one suncare active. Optionally, the polymer further includes a stage 2 polymer comprising, as polymerized units, (i) 10-99% of one or more monomer which has a Tg of more than 80° C. after polymer formation, (ii) 1-10% of one or more (meth)acrylate monomer containing acid functional group, and (iii) optionally, a crosslinker.

Described are personal care compositions comprising a polymer comprising: (a) one or more polymer comprising, as polymerized units, (i) 75% to 35% by weight, based on the weight of said polymer, one or more (meth)acrylate monomer selected from at least one of C1-C4 (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid, styrene, or substituted styrene, and (ii) 25% to 65% by weight, based on the weight of said polymer, one or more hydrophobic monomer, including hydrophobically substituted (meth)acrylate monomers, with alkyl chain length from C8 to C22 and, (iii) optionally crosslinker, and, (b) at least one suncare active. Optionally, the polymer further includes a stage 2 polymer comprising, as polymerized units, (i) 10-99% of one or more monomer which has a Tg of more than 80° C. after polymer formation, (ii) 1-10% of one or more (meth)acrylate monomer containing acid functional group, and (iii) optionally, a crosslinker.

Described are personal care compositions comprising a polyacrylate oil gel, comprising: (a) at least one cosmetically acceptable hydrophobic ester oil, and (b) one or more polymers comprising: (i) a first polymerized unit, comprising: (1) 75% to 35% by weight, based on the weight of said polymerized unit, one or more (meth)acrylate monomers selected from at least one of C1-C4 (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid, styrene, or substituted styrene, and (2) 25% to 65% by weight, based on the weight of said polymerized unit, one or more hydrophobic monomers, including hydrophobically substituted (meth)acrylate monomers, with alkyl chain length from C6 to C22 and, (ii) a second polymerized unit, comprising: (1) 10-99% by weight, based on the weight of said polymerized unit, one or more monomers which has a Tg of more than 80° C. after polymer formation, (2) 1-10% of one or more (meth)acrylate monomers containing acid functional group, and (iii) optionally, a crosslinker.

Described are personal care compositions comprising a polyacrylate oil gel, comprising: (a) at least one cosmetically acceptable hydrophobic ester oil, and (b) one or more polymers comprising: (i) a first polymerized unit, comprising: (1) 75% to 35% by weight, based on the weight of said polymerized unit, one or more (meth)acrylate monomers selected from at least one of C1-C4 (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid, styrene, or substituted styrene, and (2) 25% to 65% by weight, based on the weight of said polymerized unit, one or more hydrophobic monomers, including hydrophobically substituted (meth)acrylate monomers, with alkyl chain length from C6 to C22 and, (ii) a second polymerized unit, comprising: (1) 10-99% by weight, based on the weight of said polymerized unit, one or more monomers which has a Tg of more than 80° C. after polymer formation, (2) 1-10% of one or more (meth)acrylate monomers containing acid functional group, and (iii) optionally, a crosslinker.