The invention relates to the use of at least one open-chain, optionally branched, ether isocyanate having an NCO functionality≥1, wherein 2 or 3 carbon atoms are present between at least one NCO group and at least one ether-oxygen atom, optionally in the presence of other reactants such as alcohols, amines, water, CO.sub.2, or of other reactants having an NCO functionality≥1, optionally in the presence of at least one catalyst, to increase the reaction speed and/or to reduce the optionally required catalyst amount during isocyanate modification. The invention further relates to a process for modifying isocyanates, to the modified isocyanates as such and to a two-component system or one-component system and to the moldings, coatings and composite parts obtainable therefrom.

The present invention relates to polyester polyols comprising units derived from a) at least one COOH group or derivative thereof carrying component or mixture of components (A) comprising at least one compound carrying two COOH groups or derivatives thereof (A1), b) at least one OH group carrying component or mixture of components (B) comprising (i) at least one compound carrying three OH groups selected from the group consisting of 1,3,5-tris(hydroxymethyl)isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyisopropyl)isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)isocyanurate and 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxybutyl)isocyanurate (B1), (ii) at least one compound carrying two OH groups selected from the group consisting of 1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)-cyclohexane, 1,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-cyclohexane, 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-cyclohexane, 1,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-cyclohexane, 1,1-bis(hydroxyethyl)-cyclohexane, 1,2-bis(hydroxyethyl)-cyclohexane, 1,3-bis(hydroxyethyl)-cyclohexane and 1,4-bis(hydroxyethyl)cyclohexane (B2), (iii) optionally at least one compound or polymer carrying at least three OH groups, which is different from B1 (B3), and (iv) optionally at least one compound or polymer carrying two OH groups, which is different from B2 (B4), and c) optionally at least one compound carrying at least one OH group and at least one COOH group or a derivative thereof (C), and to organic-solvent based two-component coating compositions comprising a) a first component (K1) comprising (i) at least one polyester polyol of the present invention and (ii) optionally at least one polymer carrying more than one OH group, which is different from the polyester polyol of the present invention (D), and b) a second component (K2) comprising (i) at least one compound, oligomer or polymer carrying more than one N═C═O group or blocked N═C═O group (F).

The invention relates to a polyisocyanate preparation containing at least one polyisocyanate component A) hydrophilically modified with at least one ionic emulsifier and a solvent component E) consisting of at least one organic solvent, characterized in that the solvent component E) has a content of peroxides of not more than 70 mg/l of H.sub.2O.sub.2 equivalents, wherein this value is the average peroxide content of all organic solvents present in the solvent component E) and the polyisocyanate component A) and the solvent component E) are present in amounts such that the calculated peroxide content of the polyisocyanate preparation based on the sum of A) and E) is not more than 20 mg/l of H.sub.2O.sub.2. The invention further relates to the use thereof and to coating compositions and substrates coated with these coating compositions.

The present invention relates to the use of tertiary amines as catalysts for the cross-linking of isocyanate groups which are aliphatically and/or cyclo-aliphatically bonded. The catalysts according to the invention have the particular advantage that they are thermally latent.

The present invention provides compositions having a phase transfer trimer catalyst and methods to produce polyisocyanurate/polyurethane foam using such compositions.

The present invention provides a coating film having a structure represented by the following general formula (1) (in the formula, R.sup.11 is a residue formed by removing one isocyanate group from a polyisocyanate, and R.sup.12 is an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, R.sup.13 is a residue formed by removing one hydroxyl group from a polyol), wherein a König hardness of the coating film is 20 or more, in an SS curve measurement of a tensile test, the coating film has an elastic deformation region and a plastic deformation region, and in the SS curve measurement, a stress at an inflection point stress between the elastic deformation region and the plastic deformation region is 5 MPa or more. ##STR00001##

An isocyanate composition according to the present invention contains: a difunctional or more-functional isocyanate compound; and 1.0 ppm by mass to 1.0 × 10.sup.4 ppm by mass, based on the isocyanate compound, of a compound having at least one unsaturated bond excluding unsaturated bonds constituting an aromatic ring, the compound being different from the isocyanate.

A polyaspartic coating composition that contains: an aspartic acid ester compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

where X is an n-valent organic group, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are identical or different organic groups inactive against an isocyanate group under reaction conditions, and n is an integer of 2 or more; and a polyisocyanate composition comprising a polyisocyanate obtained from at least one trisocyanate compound of formula (VIII):

##STR00002##

where each Y.sup.1 independently represents a single bond, or a divalent hydrocarbon group which may have at least one selected from the group consisting of an ester structure and an ether structure, the Y.sup.1 groups are identical to or different from each other, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group.

The present invention relates to novel color drift-stable compositions of polyisocyanates of (cyclo)aliphatic diisocyanates.

A vacuum heat insulating material including a core material and a sheath for covering the core material, the interior thereof being sealed to maintain a reduced pressure therein, wherein the sheath includes a gas-barrier laminate that has at least a heat-melt-adhesion layer, a vapor-deposited layer and a gas-barrier material, and the gas-barrier material has a gas-barrier layer that includes a polycarboxylic acid type polymer and contains a monovalent metal element in an amount of not more than 1.4% by weight, a polyvalent metal element in an amount of at least not less than 5.0% by weight, and a nitrogen element in an amount of 0.01 to 3.0% by weight per the total weight of nitrogen and carbon. The vacuum heat insulating material has excellent heat insulating capability and gas-barrier property, and sustains excellent heat insulating capability over extended periods of time as well as excellent flexibility and waterproof property.