A rubber composition is based on at least one predominant elastomer comprising epoxide functional groups, silica as predominant reinforcing filler, an agent for covering the silica, and a system for crosslinking the elastomer comprising an imidazole and a polycarboxylic acid of general formula (I): ##STR00001##
and an imidazole of general formula (II): ##STR00002##

Provided herein are surface treating compositions for imparting beneficial surface properties to substrates. The compositions can be prepared by reacting a bio-based polyol with an isocyanate and an ionogenic molecule. The compositions can be used to treat a variety of substrates to provide enhanced properties to a surface of the substrate. Also provided are methods for the chemical modification of triglycerides and fatty acids and use thereof in creating beneficial surface treating compositions.

The invention provides highly functional epoxy resins that may be used themselves in coating formulations and applications but which may be further functionalized via ring-opening reactions of the epoxy groups yielding derivative resins with other useful functionalities. The highly functional epoxy resins are synthesized from the epoxidation of vegetable or seed oil esters of polyols having 4 or more hydroxyl groups/molecule. In one embodiment, the polyol is sucrose and the vegetable or seed oil is selected from corn oil, castor oil, soybean oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, tall oil fatty acid, tung oil, vernonia oil, and mixtures thereof. Methods of making of the epoxy resin and each of its derivative resins are disclosed as are coating compositions and coated objects using each of the resins.

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides epoxy resins from an epoxide containing aromatic compound. The epoxy resin may further comprise one or more curing agents which change the properties of the epoxy resin. Also described herein are methods of preparing epoxy resins using the epoxide containing aromatic compounds and materials prepared with them.

The invention provides highly functional epoxy resins that may be used themselves in coating formulations and applications but which may be further functionalized via ring-opening reactions of the epoxy groups yielding derivative resins with other useful functionalities. The highly functional epoxy resins are synthesized from the epoxidation of vegetable or seed oil esters of polyols having 4 or more hydroxyl groups/molecule. In one embodiment, the polyol is sucrose and the vegetable or seed oil is selected from corn oil, castor oil, soybean oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, tall oil fatty acid, tung oil, vernonia oil, and mixtures thereof. Methods of making of the epoxy resin and each of its derivative resins are disclosed as are coating compositions and coated objects using each of the resins.

An organosilicon compound represented by formula (1), which has, per alkoxysilyl group, a plurality of epoxy groups each capable of reacting with an organic resin moiety to form a bond and which hence is useful as a primer, a resin modifier, etc. ##STR00001##
(In the formula, the R.sup.1 moieties each independently represent an (un)substituted C.sub.1-10 alkyl group, etc.; the R.sup.2 moieties each independently represent an (un)substituted C.sub.1-10 alkyl group, etc.; the R.sup.3 moieties each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; A.sup.1 represents a single bond, O, S, NH, or a divalent linking group containing a heteroatom; A.sup.2 represents a single bond or an (un)substituted C.sub.1-20 divalent hydrocarbon group optionally containing a heteroatom; a and c are each independently a number greater than 0; b, d, e, and f are each independently a number of 0 or greater; and m is an integer of 1 to 3. The repeating units may have been linked in any order.)

[Problem] To provide an epoxy (meth)acrylate compound that serves as a material for a protective film that is unlikely to cause migration to an electrically conductive pattern, and a curable composition containing the epoxy (meth)acrylate compound. [Solution] Provided is an epoxy (meth)acrylate compound which is characterized by being represented by general formula (1) and in which the content of halogen atoms, which are impurities, is 100 ppm by mass or less. In addition, provided is a curable composition for forming a protective film for an electrically conductive pattern, the curable composition being obtained by mixing this epoxy (meth)acrylate compound with a photopolymerization initiator and at least one type of monomer or oligomer that contains a (meth)acryloyl group.

##STR00001##

(At least one of R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 has a structure represented by formula (2), and the remainder of R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms and alkyl groups and alkoxy groups having 1-6 carbon atoms. R.sup.6 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)

##STR00002## (* denotes the bonding position to a carbon atom that constitutes the benzene ring to which R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are bonded in formula (1), and R.sup.7 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)

A method i for forming an epoxidized polymer is provided. The method may include mixing an epoxidized plant oil with a synthetic epoxy resin and crosslinking the epoxidized plant oil and the synthetic epoxy resin using a curing agent. The epoxidized plant oil may be formed via: converting plant oil triglycerides to fatty amide alcohols via aminolysis using primary or secondary amines, converting the fatty amide alcohols to epoxidized fatty amide alcohols, and reacting the epoxidized fatty amide alcohols with vinyl monomers to obtain epoxidized plant oil monomers.

Methods for preparing dynamic cross-linked polymer compositions derived from an ester oligomer component, a polymeric chain extender component, and transesterification and poly condensation catalysts are described.

A process for preparing hydrogenated polyether-modified polybutadienes includes: reacting at least one polybutadiene with at least one epoxidizing reagent to give at least one epoxy-functional polybutadiene; reacting the at least one epoxy-functional polybutadiene with at least one hydroxy-functional compound to give at least one hydroxy-functional polybutadiene; reacting the at least one hydroxy-functional polybutadiene with at least one epoxy-functional compound to give at least one polyether-modified polybutadiene; and hydrogenating the at least one polyether-modified polybutadiene to give at least one hydrogenated polyether-modified polybutadiene.