There are provided a naphthol resin and an epoxy resin that impart characteristics such as high heat resistance, a low dielectric loss tangent, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and an epoxy resin composition including the naphthol resin or the epoxy resin as an essential component, and cured products thereof. A naphthol resin which is represented by the following formula:

##STR00001##

where R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n represents the number of repetitions and is a number of 2 to 10, and in which, in terms of area ratio in GPC measurement, a ratio of components for which n=6 or more is 15% or more, and a ratio of components for which n=1 in GPC is 30% or less, and a hydroxy group equivalent is 260 to 400 g/eq.

There are provided a naphthol resin and an epoxy resin that impart characteristics such as high heat resistance, a low dielectric loss tangent, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and an epoxy resin composition including the naphthol resin or the epoxy resin as an essential component, and cured products thereof. A naphthol resin which is represented by the following formula:

##STR00001##

where R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n represents the number of repetitions and is a number of 2 to 10, and in which, in terms of area ratio in GPC measurement, a ratio of components for which n=6 or more is 15% or more, and a ratio of components for which n=1 in GPC is 30% or less, and a hydroxy group equivalent is 260 to 400 g/eq.

A composition which is useful for producing a light emitting device having excellent light emission efficiency and a light emitting device containing the composition are described. The light emitting device contains an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode and contains a composition containing a metal complex represented by the formula (2), and a compound (B) having a condensed hetero ring skeleton (b) containing a boron atom and at least one selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, an sp.sup.3 carbon atom and a nitrogen atom in the ring.

##STR00001##

An object is to provide a cured product having excellent heat resistance and dielectric properties (low dielectric properties) and prepregs, circuit boards, build-up films, semiconductor sealing materials, and semiconductor devices having these pieces of performance by using a curable resin having a specific structure. Specifically, provided is a curable resin having a structural unit (1) represented by General Formula (1) below and a terminal structure (2) represented by General Formula (2) below. In Formulae (1) and (2) above, the details of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, k, and X are as described herein.

##STR00001##

An object is to provide a cured product having excellent heat resistance and dielectric properties (low dielectric properties) and prepregs, circuit boards, build-up films, semiconductor sealing materials, and semiconductor devices having these pieces of performance by using a curable resin having a specific structure. Specifically, provided is a curable resin having a structural unit (1) represented by General Formula (1) below and a terminal structure (2) represented by General Formula (2) below. In Formulae (1) and (2) above, the details of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, k, and X are as described herein.

##STR00001##

Crosslinked polymers and related compositions and related compositions, electrochemical cells, batteries, methods and systems are described. The crosslinked polymers have at least one redox active monomeric moiety having a redox potential of 0.5 V to 3.0 V with reference to Li/Li.sup.+ electrode potential under standard conditions or −2.54 V to −0.04 V vs. SHE and has a carbocyclic structure and at least one carbonyl group or a carboxyl group on the carbocyclic structure. The crosslinked polymers also include at least one comonomeric moiety with at least one of the at least one redox active monomeric moiety and/or the at least one comonomeric moiety has a denticity of three to six corresponding to a three to six connected network polymer, and provide stable, high capacity organic electrode materials.

Crosslinked polymers and related compositions and related compositions, electrochemical cells, batteries, methods and systems are described. The crosslinked polymers have at least one redox active monomeric moiety having a redox potential of 0.5 V to 3.0 V with reference to Li/Li.sup.+ electrode potential under standard conditions or −2.54 V to −0.04 V vs. SHE and has a carbocyclic structure and at least one carbonyl group or a carboxyl group on the carbocyclic structure. The crosslinked polymers also include at least one comonomeric moiety with at least one of the at least one redox active monomeric moiety and/or the at least one comonomeric moiety has a denticity of three to six corresponding to a three to six connected network polymer, and provide stable, high capacity organic electrode materials.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a nanohoop-functionalized polymer and methods of making and using the same. In particular embodiments, polymer comprises one or more nanohoops that extend from the polymer backbone. Also disclosed herein are polymerizable nanohoop monomer embodiments that can be used to make the polymer embodiments disclosed herein.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a nanohoop-functionalized polymer and methods of making and using the same. In particular embodiments, polymer comprises one or more nanohoops that extend from the polymer backbone. Also disclosed herein are polymerizable nanohoop monomer embodiments that can be used to make the polymer embodiments disclosed herein.

Described herein are methods, compositions and articles of manufacture involving neutral conjugated polymers including methods for synthesis of neutral conjugated water-soluble polymers with linkers along the polymer main chain structure and terminal end capping units. Such polymers may serve in the fabrication of novel optoelectronic devices and in the development of highly efficient biosensors. The invention further relates to the application of these polymers in assay methods.