For imparting enhanced water-repellency and oil-repellency properties to substrates compositions comprising blends of (A) one or more ester oligomers and (B) one or more polycarbodiimides. Also methods for applying such compositions and articles treated with such compositions.

For imparting enhanced water-repellency and oil-repellency properties to substrates compositions comprising blends of (A) one or more ester oligomers and (B) one or more polycarbodiimides. Also methods for applying such compositions and articles treated with such compositions.

Methods of functionalizing α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers and coupling α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers are provided. Suitable α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers include α-halogenated polyesters and α-halogenated acrylate-based inimers. Methods include coupling α-halogenated polyesters and functionalizing α-halogenated polyesters without polymer cleavage. Certain α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers may be functionalized, crosslinked or, intiate polymerization by inducing the α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers to make a dioxolenium ion intermediate. The α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers may also be functionalized using a radical trap.

Methods of functionalizing α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers and coupling α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers are provided. Suitable α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers include α-halogenated polyesters and α-halogenated acrylate-based inimers. Methods include coupling α-halogenated polyesters and functionalizing α-halogenated polyesters without polymer cleavage. Certain α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers may be functionalized, crosslinked or, intiate polymerization by inducing the α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers to make a dioxolenium ion intermediate. The α-halogenated hydroxy acid-based polymers may also be functionalized using a radical trap.

Organic coating compositions, particularly antireflective coating compositions for use with an overcoated photoresist, are provided that comprise that a blend of two or more resins, where one resin has epoxy groups either pendant or fused to the polymer backbone. Preferred coating compositions include: 1) a first resin that comprises one or more epoxy reactive groups; and 2) a crosslinker resin that is distinct from the first resin and comprises epoxy groups.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

A type of degradable polyester fiber and preparing method thereof are disclosed. The preparing method is to melt spinning a modified polyester with the fully drawn yarn (FDY) technique, and the modified polyester is composed of the terephthalic acid segments, the ethylene glycol segments, the 2,5,6,6-tetramethyl-2,5-heptanediol segments and the fluorinated dicarboxylic acid segments, wherein the fluorinated dicarboxylic acid is one selected from 2,2-difluoro-1,3-malonic acid, 2,2-difluoro-1,4-succinic acid, 2,2-difluoro-1,5-glutaric acid and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1,4-succinic acid. Moreover, the modified polyester is dispersed with the doped ZrO.sub.2 powder. The obtain fiber has an intrinsic viscosity drop of 23-28% when stored at 25° C. and R.H. 65% for 60 months. The method herein is of low cost and easy technologies, whereas the obtained fiber has a rapid natural degradation rate and a wide application prospect.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

An active ester compound that can form a cured product having excellent dielectric properties and copper foil adhesion properties is provided, a curable composition including the active ester compound is provided, and a cured product of the curable composition is provided. Also provided are a semiconductor encapsulating material, a printed wiring board, and a build-up film formed by using the curable composition. Specifically, an active ester compound is provided which includes a fluorinated hydrocarbon structural moiety and a plurality of aromatic ester structural moieties in the structure of the molecule and includes an aryloxycarbonyl structure or an arylcarbonyloxy structure at an end of the molecule, a curable composition including the active ester compound, and a cured product of the curable composition, and also provided are a semiconductor encapsulation material, a printed wiring board, and a build-up film formed by using the curable composition.

The embodiments herein relate to a fluorinated ether polymer which is capable of forming coatings with stain resistance, anti-fingerprint and anti-scratching properties. The polymer may be cured with multiple measures, therefore it has a variety of applications in coating and ink industry. The fluorinated ether polymers of the embodiments herein may be added into coating formulations to decrease the surface energy of resulting coatings. It is also feasible that the fluorinated ether polymers of the embodiments herein are used as the main resin component in coating formulations. The embodiments herein also relates to a method for manufacturing the polyester resin, and the use of the polyester resin in industries.