An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing PHA capable of providing PHA (for example, a PHA powder) having excellent thermal stability with high productivity. The present invention is a method for producing polyhydroxyalkanoic acid, the method including a step (a) and a step (b) below step (a) of preparing an aqueous suspension liquid containing polyhydroxyalkanoic acid and polyvinyl alcohol and having a pH of 7 or less; and step (b) of spray-drying the aqueous suspension liquid prepared in the step (a).

Compositions of P4HB with high purity have been developed. The compositions are prepared by washing P4HB biomass prior to solvent extraction, and precipitating P4HB from solution. The same solvent is preferably used to wash the P4HB biomass, and as a non-solvent to precipitate the polymer from a P4HB solvent solution. The highly pure P4HB compositions are suitable for preparing implants. The implants may be used for the repair of soft and hard tissues.

Compositions of P4HB with high purity have been developed. The compositions are prepared by washing P4HB biomass prior to solvent extraction, and precipitating P4HB from solution. The same solvent is preferably used to wash the P4HB biomass, and as a non-solvent to precipitate the polymer from a P4HB solvent solution. The highly pure P4HB compositions are suitable for preparing implants. The implants may be used for the repair of soft and hard tissues.

The present invention relates to a polyester container. The polyester container is formed from a polyester resin containing a particular content of diol moieties derived from isosorbide and diethylene glycol, and thus can show high transparency in spite of a great wall thickness thereof.

A method for preparing a biogenic guanidine complex, the method including: mixing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with water in a volume ratio thereof of 1:1 to yield a solvent DMSO-H.sub.2O; adding organic guanidine (G) and a compound MX.sub.2 in a molar ratio G/MX.sub.2=1:1 or 2:1 to the solvent DMSO-H.sub.2O, where the organic guanidine (G) is selected from arginine (Arg), guanidinoacetic acid (Gaa), creatine (Cra), creatinine (Cran), guanine (Gua), and agmatine (Agm); M represents Fe.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+, or Zn.sup.2+; and X represents Cl.sup.−, CH.sub.3COO.sup.−, or CH.sub.3CH(OH)COO.sup.−; stirring the solvent DMSO-H.sub.2O containing the organic guanidine and the compound MX.sub.2; recycling the solvent DMSO-H.sub.2O through vacuum distillation and obtaining a solid; transferring the solid to a Buchner funnel, and washing the solid with deionized water and ethanol consecutively; and removing the deionized water and ethanol through vacuum filtration, and drying the solid. Biogenic guanidine complex can be used for production of Polyethylene terephthalate or Poly(ethylene isophthalate-co-terephthalate).

A method for preparing a biogenic guanidine complex, the method including: mixing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with water in a volume ratio thereof of 1:1 to yield a solvent DMSO-H.sub.2O; adding organic guanidine (G) and a compound MX.sub.2 in a molar ratio G/MX.sub.2=1:1 or 2:1 to the solvent DMSO-H.sub.2O, where the organic guanidine (G) is selected from arginine (Arg), guanidinoacetic acid (Gaa), creatine (Cra), creatinine (Cran), guanine (Gua), and agmatine (Agm); M represents Fe.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+, or Zn.sup.2+; and X represents Cl.sup.−, CH.sub.3COO.sup.−, or CH.sub.3CH(OH)COO.sup.−; stirring the solvent DMSO-H.sub.2O containing the organic guanidine and the compound MX.sub.2; recycling the solvent DMSO-H.sub.2O through vacuum distillation and obtaining a solid; transferring the solid to a Buchner funnel, and washing the solid with deionized water and ethanol consecutively; and removing the deionized water and ethanol through vacuum filtration, and drying the solid. Biogenic guanidine complex can be used for production of Polyethylene terephthalate or Poly(ethylene isophthalate-co-terephthalate).

A method for removing compounds in the gaseous aggregate state from PLA-containing products in the viscous aggregate state by means of a thin-film evaporator. The compounds may be present in the liquid or solid aggregate state in the products under standard conditions. The invention further relates to a polylactide resin prepared in accordance with the method of the invention.

A method for removing compounds in the gaseous aggregate state from PLA-containing products in the viscous aggregate state by means of a thin-film evaporator. The compounds may be present in the liquid or solid aggregate state in the products under standard conditions. The invention further relates to a polylactide resin prepared in accordance with the method of the invention.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing PHA, which is capable of suppressing the cost of overall production equipment including a waste water treatment process in production of PHA using microorganisms. Provided is a method including: a production step of purifying or molding polyhydroxyalkanoic acid biosynthesized in bacterial cells of a microorganism; a discharge step of discharging waste water containing nitrogen-containing impurities from the production step; and a nitrogen removal step of biologically treating the waste water to remove the nitrogen-containing impurities from the waste water. In the method, the residual ratio of the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid in the production step is 99% by weight or less, and the waste water that is biologically treated in the nitrogen removal step contains the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid in addition to the nitrogen-containing impurities.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing PHA, which is capable of suppressing the cost of overall production equipment including a waste water treatment process in production of PHA using microorganisms. Provided is a method including: a production step of purifying or molding polyhydroxyalkanoic acid biosynthesized in bacterial cells of a microorganism; a discharge step of discharging waste water containing nitrogen-containing impurities from the production step; and a nitrogen removal step of biologically treating the waste water to remove the nitrogen-containing impurities from the waste water. In the method, the residual ratio of the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid in the production step is 99% by weight or less, and the waste water that is biologically treated in the nitrogen removal step contains the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid in addition to the nitrogen-containing impurities.