The present invention relates to the use of polyglycerol partial esters as defoamers, in particular in coating and paint applications, to defoamers comprising polyglycerol partial esters, and to corresponding polyglycerol partial esters.

The present invention relates to the use of polyglycerol partial esters as defoamers, in particular in coating and paint applications, to defoamers comprising polyglycerol partial esters, and to corresponding polyglycerol partial esters.

The present disclosure is based, at least in part, on the discovery that high-purity PEG lipids exhibit superior physical and biological properties, particularly when used in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations. Therefore, the present disclosure provides PEG lipids at a recommended purity, e.g., for use in formulations, such as LNP formulations. The present disclosure also provides LNPs comprising the high-purity PEG lipids, and methods for delivering therapeutic agents to a subject using the same.

Methods for preparing active carbonate esters of water-soluble polymers are provided. Also provided are other methods related to the active carbonate esters of water-soluble polymers, as well as corresponding compositions.

Methods for preparing active carbonate esters of water-soluble polymers are provided. Also provided are other methods related to the active carbonate esters of water-soluble polymers, as well as corresponding compositions.

Provided is a compound which has heat resistance and decomposition resistance and with which a monomolecular film having a reduced thickness can be obtained. A fluoropolyether compound in accordance with an aspect of the present invention is represented by R.sup.1—C.sub.6H.sub.4O—CH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—O—CH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2—OC.sub.6H.sub.4—R.sup.1 where R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an amino group, or an amide group, R.sup.2 is —CF.sub.2O(CF.sub.2CF.sub.2O).sub.xCF.sub.2—, and x is a real number of 1 to 35.

A chemical structure, and a process for synthesizing the chemical structure, of:

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A chemical structure, and a process for synthesizing the chemical structure, of:

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The present invention relates to a catalyst for reductive amination-reaction, and uses thereof. The catalyst according to the present invention can show a high amine conversion rate because it can maintain catalytic activity even in the presence of moisture particularly while basically maintaining the balance of dehydrogenation and hydrogenation reactions. Accordingly, the catalyst can be usefully used for preparing a polyetheramine compound through a reductive amination-reaction not only in a continuous preparation process but also in a batch preparation process, irrespective of the existence of moisture.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for reductive amination-reaction, and uses thereof. The catalyst according to the present invention can show a high amine conversion rate because it can maintain catalytic activity even in the presence of moisture particularly while basically maintaining the balance of dehydrogenation and hydrogenation reactions. Accordingly, the catalyst can be usefully used for preparing a polyetheramine compound through a reductive amination-reaction not only in a continuous preparation process but also in a batch preparation process, irrespective of the existence of moisture.