The invention relates to a polyoxazoline (POx) copolymer comprising at least 20 oxazoline units, including at least 4 non-terminal oxazoline units that contain a calcium binding group selected from bisphosphonate, citrate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and combinations thereof.

The POx copolymers of the present invention exhibit very high affinity for calcium ions and are capable of forming hydrogels due to reversible cross-linking with Ca.sup.2+ ions. The POx copolymers offer the important advantage that they are bioresorbable. Calcium affinity, biodegradability and hydrogel characteristics of the POx copolymer can easily be tuned due to the fact that the POx can easily be derivatised along the entire polymeric backbone and not only at the end-groups.

The POx copolymers of the invention may suitably be applied in a variety of biomedical applications, such as barrier membranes, patches, meshes, tapes, bone fixation devices, bone implants, (injectable) hydrogels, bone-setting glue and nanoparticles.

A process for manufacturing a polybenzoxazine monomer, crosslinking the latter, and using the crosslinked product to form an ablative thermal protection system for a thruster nozzle or atmospheric reentry body.

An ophthalmic device which is a polymerization product of a monomeric mixture includes (a) one or more cationic initiators comprising one or more polymerizable groups; and (b) one or more alkyl-substituted oxazolines.

The invention entails the combination of basic catalysts, specifically guanidine-based catalysts, such as TBD, in conjunction with functionalized amines having a hydrogen bond donating or accepting functionality, to facilitate the accelerated transamidation of polymer compounds with non-activated ester side chains.

Compositions and methods useful for the singulation of fragile devices from substrates by the process of plasma singulation are described. Thermal resistant coatings comprising ingredients that exhibit both thermal resistance and water solubility are demonstrated. These ingredients which have high ultraviolet interaction allow laser interaction to create masks for thin and small devices, for example, substrates that are thin to 150 microns or less or have devices present that are measured 1 mm on a side or smaller. Methods are presented which apply the composition to the inorganic substrate whereby an ultraviolet sourced laser interacts with the surface and creates a mask which subsequently is processed in a plasma chamber to separate (singulate) the devices within the substrate and subsequently rinse with water to remove/dissolve the laser interactive and plasma protective layer. Once rinsed and clean, the devices proceed by pick and place tooling to final integration to electronic circuitry. The invention coating is a water rinsable creation that achieves high selectivity for both laser and plasma operations.

A method is described for debonding a carrier and device substrate using a high-intensity, pulsed, broadband light system that is suitable for wafer-level packaging applications. The carrier substrate is a transparent wafer with a light absorbing layer on one side of the wafer. This method utilizes the high intensity light to rapidly heat up the light absorbing layer to decompose or melt a bonding material layer that is adjacent to the light absorbing layer. After exposure to light, the carrier substrate can be lifted off the surface of the device wafer with little or no force.

Provided are methods for the purification of polymer solutions. In particular, the method enables the separation of impurities from an oxazoline polymer solution by raising the temperature of the polymer solution above its lower critical solution temperature (LCST), wherein a water rich phase and a polymer rich phase separation occurs. The phases are then separated with the polymer rich phase containing a lower amount of impurities than before separation.

A biomass benzoxazine-based shape memory resin, a preparation method therefor, and an application thereof. The method includes: using biomass furfuryl amine, vanillic aldehyde, and paraformaldehyde as raw materials; obtaining an aldehyde group-containing biomass benzoxazine monomer by means of a heating reaction; mixing the aldehyde group-containing biomass benzoxazine monomer with polyether amine, and obtaining a Schiff base biomass benzoxazine monomer by means of a coupling reaction; and curing the Schiff base biomass benzoxazine monomer to obtain the biomass benzoxazine resin having a shape memory function. The benzoxazine-based shape memory resin has excellent thermal performance, high tensile modulus, high strength; an original shape can be permanently changed according to needs, the defect that traditional cross-linked polymers cannot be reprocessed after being formed is overcome, a recovery function under the condition of heating stimulation achieved, an application range of a shape memory polymer widened due to excellent thermal performance and mechanical performance.

Polybenzoxazine comprises repeat units which comprise at least one unit corresponding to the formulae (I) or (II): ##STR00001##
in which Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2, which are identical or different, represent an at least divalent, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic bonding group comprising at least one carbon atom and optionally at least one heteroatom selected from O, S, N and P. Such a polybenzoxazine may be used as a metal-adhesive layer, in particular for the adhesive bonding of a metal substrate, in particular made of carbon steel, to a rubber.

Described are conjugates comprising a water-soluble polymer linked to a compound comprising a catechol moiety via a cleavable linkage, wherein the cleavable linkage is formed between the water-soluble polymer and a first phenolic hydroxyl group of the catechol moiety and a second phenolic hydroxyl group of the catechol moiety is linked to a blocking group wherein the rate of hydrolytic release of the compound comprising the catechol moiety is controlled, at least in part, through structure or design of the blocking group on the second phenolic hydroxyl group of the catechol moiety. Therefore, the rate of hydrolytic release of the compound comprising the catechol moiety can be tuned through structural design of the group on the second phenolic hydroxyl group of the catechol moiety. Compounds used in the synthesis of the described conjugates and methods of using the described conjugate and other compounds in the treatment of dopamine-responsive disorders are also described.