The polymerizable composition of the present application may exhibit a wide process window to have excellent workability, and may form a phthalonitrile resin having excellent heat resistance or a prepolymer thereof.

A composition, an interlayer manufactured therefrom, and an apparatus including the interlayer are provided. The composition includes a polymer compound represented by Formula 1, a non-arylamine-based compound represented by Formula 2, and a solvent:

##STR00001##

The substituents in Formulae 1 and 2 may be understood as described in connection with the detailed description.

The present disclosure relates to anti-microbial polymers comprising a polymerizable cyclic moiety which forms part of the backbone of the polymer.

A mechanical ball-milling method for preparing a polydopamine-modified montmorillonite nanomaterial is disclosed. The method includes dispersing a montmorillonite material in an aqueous solution, stirring, concentrating and collecting a concentrated montmorillonite solution for use; adding dopamine hydrochloride to a buffer solution to prepare a dopamine hydrochloride solution, with a concentration of 0.2-1 g/mL, and adjusting the pH value of the dopamine hydrochloride solution; and adding the dopamine hydrochloride solution and the concentrated montmorillonite solution simultaneously into a ball mill jar to form a mixture, and then subjecting the mixture to a ball milling for 0.3-6 hours, pouring the mixture out of the ball mill jar, and subjecting to a solid-liquid separation by a centrifugation, and then washing a solid product with deionized water for 3-6 times, and removing water from the solid product, to obtain the polydopamine-modified montmorillonite nanomaterial.

Provided are poly(arylamine)s. The polymers can be redox active. The polymers can be used as electrode materials in, for example, electrochemical energy storage systems. The polymers can be made by electropolymerization on a conducting substrate (e.g., a current collector).

The present disclosure relates to antimicrobial polymers which impart prolonged antimicrobial activity to a surface or in a solution, the polymers comprising as repeating monomers a polymerizable cyclic moiety forming part of the polymer backbone and an anti-microbial moiety such as a quaternary ammonium moiety in the side chain. The polymer may further comprise polymerizable units of at least one unsaturated monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double or triple bond.

A hard-mask forming composition that forms a hard mask that is used in lithography, the hard-mask forming composition including at least one of a compound represented by General Formula (sc-1) and a resin having a partial structure represented by General Formula (sc-p1). In the general formula, R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are organic groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or hydrogen atoms; R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are aromatic hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 30 carbon atoms which may have a substituent; R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 may be bonded to each other to form a structure having an aromatic heterocyclic ring, and the hydrogen atom of the phenylene group in the formula may be substituted with a substituent

##STR00001##

The compound of the present application has a low melting point and excellent flexibility, and the like, so that a phthalonitrile resin, a prepolymer thereof, or a polymerizable composition forming the same can exhibit excellent workability and a wide process window and it can be made to ensure improved impact strength. The compound can form the phthalonitrile resin or the like into a liquid phase or form it into a rubber phase. Such a phthalonitrile resin or the like can be applied to various applications.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing aminobenzoic acid or an aminobenzoic acid conversion product, comprising the steps of: (I) providing an aqueous solution of aminobenzoic acid using a fermentation process; (II) adsorbing aminobenzoic acid; (III) desorbing aminobenzoic acid at a pH in the range from −0.8 to 3.0, preferably −0.5 to 3.0, more preferably 0.1 to 3.0, very preferably 0.5 to 2.5, very exceptionally preferably 1.0 to 2.0; (IV) obtaining the aminobenzoic acid from the desorbate obtained in step (III); (V) optionally further converting the aminobenzoic acid obtained in step (IV) to an aminobenzoic acid conversion product.

Pressure sensitive macromolecular adhesive polymers and compositions capable of integrating fluoropolymeric properties with a catechol-amine functionality to form an adhesive system that allows bonding between metallic substrates and fluoropolymers are disclosed. Also disclosed are core-shell polymeric particles comprised of a core and a shell comprising a thermoplastic polydopamine polymer that may be prepared as a colloidal suspension and used as a hot-melt pressure sensitive adhesive capable of binding low surface energy materials, such as polyolefins and fluoropolymers, to diverse materials including metals.