Benzoxazine compounds, methods of making them, polymers made therefrom and methods of polymerizing the benzoxazines. These renewable benzoxazine monomers and polymers that utilize the variety of building blocks found in renewable plant biomass, demonstrate excellent processability and large temperature windows for processing of resin systems.

This disclosure relates to antimicrobial compositions, and more particularly to treatment of surfaces (e.g., face masks) for the reduction or prevention of transmission of microbes (e.g., bacteria, fungus, and/or viruses). In some embodiments, the compositions comprise a cationic polymer selected from the group consisting of: a polydiallyldimethylammonium salt, a polyethyleneimine salt, a polydiallyldimethylammonium with different counter ions, a chemically modified polyethyleneimine salt, or a combination thereof.

A base paper (6), a picture pattern layer (7) provided on a surface (6a) side of the base paper (6), and foaming agents (8) arranged on a surface (7a) of the picture pattern layer (7) or in the picture pattern layer (7) are provided. In the foaming agents (8), the average particle diameter after foaming is set to 15 m or more and 250 m or less and the foaming start temperature is set to 100 C. or more and 220 C. or less.

A composition comprising both a polymer which contains triazine-ring-containing repeating units represented by formula (17) and a crosslinking agent which consists of either a poly-functional epoxy compound or a polyfunctional (meth)acrylic compound can be photo-cured even without the addition of an initiator to yield a cured film having a high refractive index and high heat resistance. Thus, a photocurable film-forming composition that comprises a triazine-ring-containing polymer, which can achieve, even without the addition of a metal oxide by the polymer alone, high heat resistance, high transparency, a high refractive index, high solubility and low volume shrinkage, and that is curable even without the addition of an acid generator can be provided. ##STR00001##

A polymer comprising a sub-unit or repeating unit including a spirobisindane moiety and Troger's base moiety linked together by way of a linking group (L) wherein the linking group (L) is represented by Formula III: ##STR00001##
wherein Z and Z are independently selected from an ether and ester functional group.

Hydroxide-exchange membranes (HEMs) and hydroxide-exchange ionomers (HEIs) are provided which include polymers with oxidation resistant groups. The attachment of the oxidation resistant groups to the polymer backbone allows fine-tuning of the mechanical properties of the membrane and incorporation of alkaline stable cations, such as imidazoliums, phosphoniums and ammoniums, and provides enhanced stability to the polymer. HEMs/HEIs formed from these polymers exhibit superior chemical stability, anion conductivity, decreased water uptake, good solubility in selected solvents, and improved mechanical properties in an ambient dry state as compared to conventional HEM/HEIs. The HEMs exhibit enhanced stability in a highly oxidative environment.

Benzoxazine compounds, methods of making them, polymers made therefrom and methods of polymerizing the benzoxazines. These renewable benzoxazine monomers and polymers that utilize the variety of building blocks found in renewable plant biomass, demonstrate excellent processability and large temperature windows for processing of resin systems.

The conductive composition of the present invention includes a conductive polymer (A) having an acidic group, and a basic compound (B) having a cyclic amide and an amino group in its molecule. The conductive film of the present invention is formed from the conductive composition. The laminate of the present invention includes a substrate; an electron beam resist layer, formed on at least one surface of the substrate; and a conductive film formed on the electron beam resist layer.

A material with significant protection properties from galactic cosmic radiation and solar energetic particles. Hydrogen-rich benzoxazines which are particularly effective for shielding against such radiation. Benzoxazine resin meets the processing requirements for use with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber as a hydrogen-rich reinforcement: cure of the resin at 120 C. This highly reactive benzoxazine resin also exhibits low viscosity and adequate shelf life.

Disclosed herein are inkjet ink compositions comprising a polymer comprising the repeat units (A), (B), and (C), wherein: (A) is selected from N.sup.+(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2) and N(R.sub.1); (B) is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylene; C.sub.3-C.sub.20 cycloalkylene; C.sub.3-C.sub.20 heterocycloalkylene; arylene; heteroarylene; C.sub.2-C.sub.20 ether; C.sub.2-C.sub.20 thioether; C.sub.2-C.sub.20 ester; C.sub.2-C.sub.20 acetal; C.sub.2-C.sub.20 amide; bisphenols; and oligomer and polymer moieties selected from polyether, polyester, polyamines, polycarbonate, polyacetal, polythioether, polyester amide, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polyolefin, and polyalkylsiloxane, and (C) comprises at least one group selected from: (i) C(R.sub.3) (R.sub.4)C(R.sub.5)(OH)(C(R.sub.6)(R.sub.7))m-, (ii) C(R.sub.3)(R.sub.4)C(R.sub.5)(H)C(O), and (iii) C(R.sub.3)(R.sub.4)C(R.sub.5)(H)S(O)(O); and (A) is bonded to the C(R.sub.3)(R.sub.4) group of (C), and (B) is bonded to (C).