Provided are a thermosetting resin composition comprising an adduct resin (X) that is a reaction product of an amine-epoxy resin (A) and an epoxy modifier (B) described below, and an epoxy resin curing agent (C), wherein the adduct resin (X) is a reaction product obtained by reacting 1 to 20 parts by mass of the epoxy modifier (B) with 100 parts by mass of the amine-epoxy resin (A), and a prepreg, a fiber-reinforced composite material, and a high-pressure gas container in which the thermosetting resin composition is used.

Epoxy modifier (B): at least one selected from the group consisting of meta-xylylenediamine, para-xylylenediamine, 4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane, and 4,4-diaminodiphenylsulfone.

The present disclosure provides methods of improving the resolution of labeled glycans in capillary electrophoresis techniques using a gel as a sieving matrix, by incorporating polyamines in the gel.

Chemical compositions are provided that include at least one of Formula I or Formula II: ##STR00001##
where n and m are integers, at least one of R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 comprises an aromatic moiety, and X is selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2, NH, O, S, SO.sub.2, and combinations thereof. Composites formed from the chemical composition and at least one reinforcement material are also provided.

A structured organic film (SOF) is disclosed. The structured organic film also includes a plurality of segments, a plurality of linkers, and a plurality of ionic capping segments, where at least one or more of the ionic capping segments may include a piperidinium group. Implementations of the structured organic film (SOF) may include where the piperidinium group is a bicyclic piperidinium group. The piperidinium group can be an n-cyclic quaternary ammonium. A total concentration of ionic segments in the SOF is from about 0.1 to about 5.0 molar equivalents based on a total concentration of segments in the SOF. The piperidinium group can be 3-methanol-6-azoniaspiro[5.5]undecane (MeASU). The structured organic film (SOF) has an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of from about 0.25 meq/g to about 5.00 meq/g. An ion-exchange membrane may include the structured organic film (SOF).

Provided is a leveling agent that controls a plating process for forming a circuit pattern. The leveling agent allows the circuit pattern to have a uniform height and square shape even though the circuit pattern has various line widths. Also provided is an electroplating composition including the leveling agent.

A polymer comprising a sub-unit or repeating unit including a spirobisindane moiety and Troger's base moiety linked together by way of a linking group (L) wherein the linking group (L) is represented by Formula III:

##STR00001##

wherein Z and Z are independently selected from an ether and ester functional group.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide for bridgehead-substituted triptycene-based diamines and methods of making bridgehead-substituted triptycene-based diamines.

A polymer comprising a sub-unit represented by Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein:

L is independently selected from at least one arylene group, and a multi-ring moiety,

L is independently selected from L or is not present,

A and A are not present or are independently selected from an isatin moiety with the proviso that at least one of A and A is selected from an isatin moiety.

An electrochromic composition is provided. The electrochromic composition includes 0.510 parts by weight of a first oxidizable polymer, 0.510 parts by weight of a reducible organic compound, 0.520 parts by weight of an electrolyte, and 6098.5 parts by weight of a solvent. The first oxidizable polymer is a polymer of 1 molar part of diamine and 0.120 molar parts of dicarboxylic acid, diacyl chloride, or dianhydride, a mixture of the aforementioned polymers, or a copolymer of the aforementioned polymers. An electrochromic element including the aforementioned electrochromic composition is also provided.

Polyhemiaminal (PHA) and polyhexahydrotriazine (PHT) materials are modified by 1,4 conjugate addition chemical reactions to produce a variety of molecular architectures comprising pendant groups and bridging segments. The materials are formed by a method that includes heating a mixture comprising solvent(s), paraformaldehyde, aromatic amine groups, aliphatic amine Michael donors, and Michael acceptors, such as acrylates. The reaction mixtures may be used to prepare polymer pre-impregnated materials and composites containing PHT matrix resin.