A liquid crystal light control element that controls a light absorption state by voltage application, the liquid crystal light control element including: a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal composition between a pair of substrates each having an electrode; and a liquid crystal alignment film that is provided on at least one of the substrates and aligns a liquid crystal vertically, wherein the liquid crystal composition contains a liquid crystal and a dichroic dye, the liquid crystal alignment film is obtained from a liquid crystal aligning agent containing a polyimide precursor in which a diamine having a specific side chain is used as a part of the raw material or a polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor, and the proportion of the diamine used is 50 to 100 mol % based on the entire diamine component.

In one embodiment, a filament can comprise a thermoplastic polyimide, wherein the filament is adapted for use in a fused filament fabrication process and the thermoplastic polyimide may have a glass transition temperature not greater than 215° C. Three-dimensional bodies can be printed with the filament, wherein the three-dimensional bodies can have high strength values with even mechanical properties in printing direction and orthogonal to the printing direction.

A polyimide film is a reaction product of a diamine component and an acid dianhydride component. The diamine component contains p-phenylenediamine, a first aromatic diamine, and a second aromatic diamine. The first aromatic diamine and the second aromatic diamine are different from each other and represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

In the diamine component, each of a molar fraction of the p-phenylenediamine, a molar fraction of the first aromatic diamine, and a molar fraction of the second aromatic diamine is 10% by mole or more and 70% by mole or less. The acid dianhydride component contains an acid dianhydride containing an aromatic ring.

A polyimide film is a reaction product of a diamine component and an acid dianhydride component. The diamine component contains p-phenylenediamine, a first aromatic diamine, and a second aromatic diamine. The first aromatic diamine and the second aromatic diamine are different from each other and represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

In the diamine component, each of a molar fraction of the p-phenylenediamine, a molar fraction of the first aromatic diamine, and a molar fraction of the second aromatic diamine is 10% by mole or more and 70% by mole or less. The acid dianhydride component contains an acid dianhydride containing an aromatic ring.

The present disclosure relates to a liquid crystal alignment agent composition including: a polymer for liquid crystal alignment agent and a crosslinker compound in which a terminal crosslinking functional group is capped with a silicon-containing thermally removable protecting group, wherein a change in the number of particles during storage is lower than a certain level, a method for preparing a liquid crystal alignment film using the liquid crystal alignment agent composition, and a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal alignment agent film.

An embodiment can provide a polyamide-imide film, which has particular punching properties, is colorless and transparent and has excellent mechanical properties and optical properties, and a method for preparing same. The polyamide-imide film comprises a polyamide-imide polymer, which is formed by means of polymerizing an aromatic diamine compound, an aromatic dianhydride compound and a dicarbonyl compound, and satisfies the condition of general formula (1) below. General formula (1) 4≤X/Y≤12 X: the maximum hole diameter (mm) comprising cracks when the film is punched at 10 mm/min using a 2.5 mm spherical tip by means of a UTM compression mode Y: the modulus (GPa) of the film.

A polymer being a product of reactants including a diamine and a monomer represented by Chemical Formula 1: ##STR00001##
wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, o, p, L.sup.1, A.sup.1, R.sup.a, m, and n are the same as defined in the detailed description.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a, polyimide film having high transparency and improved bending resistance against multiple times of bending, and a varnish capable of providing such a polyimide film. The varnish according to the present invention contains a polymer (α) and a solvent (β). The polymer (α) is polyimide or a polyimide precursor. The varnish further contains a typical metal element having an atomic weight of 26-201 except alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, or at least one metal element among transition metal elements having an atomic weight of 26-201 or less. At least one of the metal elements contained in the varnish is present in an amount of 0.05-500 ppm relative to the polymer (α).

The resin composition according to one aspect is a resin composition containing a polyamic acid and a solvent, wherein the polyamic acid has a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1) in a molecular chain, and the molecular chain has a structure represented by the following general formula (2) at one end or both ends. The proportion of the structure represented by the following general formula (2) relative to 1 mol of the repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1) is 0.001 mol or more and 0.1 mol or less. In the following general formulas, R.sup.1 is a tetravalent organic group; R.sup.2 is a divalent organic group; and R.sup.3 is an organic group having 15 or less carbon atoms.

##STR00001##

A polyimide copolymer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of structural units. The plurality of structural units include a structural unit derived from dianhydride having an alicyclic structure and a structural unit derived from aromatic diamine including an ether group, thereby mechanical properties, thermal stability and optical characteristics of the polyimide film may be improved.