Polymer resins for the vat photopolymerization of thermoplastics are provided, in particular for the vat photopolymerization of thermoplastics with exception thermal stability and mechanical properties. In some aspects, the polymer resins are prepared by ring opening of an aromatic dianhydride with an alcohol containing an acrylate or methacrylate to produce a photocrosslinkable diacid monomer; conversion of the photocrosslinkable diacid monomer to a photocrosslinkable diacyl chloride; and polymerization of the photocrosslinkable diacyl chloride with an aromatic diamine to produce a photocrosslinkable precursor polymer. Upon crosslinking and drying, a thermal imidization can yield aromatic polyimide polymers with high yield and with micron-scale structural resolution.

A photosensitive resin composition including a poly(imide-benzoxazine) block copolymer, and a cured film. The poly(imide-benzoxazine) block copolymer included in the photosensitive resin composition enables the formation of a cured film having excellent mechanical and insulation even at a low temperature of less than 200° C.

A photosensitive resin composition including a poly(imide-benzoxazine) block copolymer, and a cured film. The poly(imide-benzoxazine) block copolymer included in the photosensitive resin composition enables the formation of a cured film having excellent mechanical and insulation even at a low temperature of less than 200° C.

Provided are a modified polybenzoxazole and a modified polybenzoxazole sheet each having small temperature dependence of its modulus of elasticity, each of which may be suitably used for forming a cleaning sheet that may be suitably used for a transfer member to be transferred in a substrate processing apparatus. Also provided is a cleaning sheet having small temperature dependence of its modulus of elasticity, including such modified polybenzoxazole sheet as a cleaning layer. Also provided is a transfer member provided with a cleaning function, including such cleaning sheet and a transfer member. The modified polybenzoxazole is a modified polybenzoxazole, including a benzoxazole ring structure and two or more amide groups, the modified polybenzoxazole having a storage modulus of elasticity at 1 Hz in a range of 0° C. to 100° C. of 200 MPa to 2,000 MPa.

Provided are a modified polybenzoxazole and a modified polybenzoxazole sheet each having small temperature dependence of its modulus of elasticity, each of which may be suitably used for forming a cleaning sheet that may be suitably used for a transfer member to be transferred in a substrate processing apparatus. Also provided is a cleaning sheet having small temperature dependence of its modulus of elasticity, including such modified polybenzoxazole sheet as a cleaning layer. Also provided is a transfer member provided with a cleaning function, including such cleaning sheet and a transfer member. The modified polybenzoxazole is a modified polybenzoxazole, including a benzoxazole ring structure and two or more amide groups, the modified polybenzoxazole having a storage modulus of elasticity at 1 Hz in a range of 0° C. to 100° C. of 200 MPa to 2,000 MPa.

Disclosed herein are hybrid membranes comprising: a microporous polymer, the microporous polymer comprising a continuous polymer phase permeated by a continuous pore phase; and an atomic scale inorganic material dispersed throughout the microporous polymer within the continuous pore phase. Methods of making and use of the hybrid membranes are also disclosed.

Disclosed herein are hybrid membranes comprising: a microporous polymer, the microporous polymer comprising a continuous polymer phase permeated by a continuous pore phase; and an atomic scale inorganic material dispersed throughout the microporous polymer within the continuous pore phase. Methods of making and use of the hybrid membranes are also disclosed.

Provided are a photosensitive resin composition which has excellent pattern processabilities (high sensitivity and high resolution) and is excellent in chemical resistance and thermal resistance after thermally treated; a heat-resistant resin or heat-resistant resin precursor used for the composition; and a diamine compound which is a raw material of the resin and the precursor. The diamine compound is a diamine compound represented by a general formula (1).

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Provided are a secondary battery, a battery module, and a battery pack, which have improved safety. Particularly, since a bulletproof material is disposed on the inside and/or the outside of an exterior part, even when a conductive needle-shaped member penetrates a secondary battery, heating, burning, discharge of evaporated electrolyte, and electrical contact between the needle-shaped member and an electrode can be prevented, thereby improving safety of the secondary battery, the battery module, and the battery pack.

Provided are a secondary battery, a battery module, and a battery pack, which have improved safety. Particularly, since a bulletproof material is disposed on the inside and/or the outside of an exterior part, even when a conductive needle-shaped member penetrates a secondary battery, heating, burning, discharge of evaporated electrolyte, and electrical contact between the needle-shaped member and an electrode can be prevented, thereby improving safety of the secondary battery, the battery module, and the battery pack.