Disclosed is a rare-earth complex polymer including trivalent rare-earth ions and a phosphine oxide bidentate ligand represented by the formula (1). One phosphine oxide bidentate ligand is coordinated to the two rare-earth ions, and crosslinks the same.

##STR00001##

Fire impregnation substance is produced by polymerization of non-toxic components in such a way that pentaerythritol (5% to 90% of the mass) and ammonium polyphosphate (5% to 90% of the mass) are added to the water (30% to 96% of the mass) with temperature from 5 C. to 98 C. and the solution is mixed until it is pure. The mutual ratio of the components of pentaerythritol and ammonium polyphosphate can range from 1:18 to 18:1 During the production of the cellulose product or fibrous wood products such as chipboards or particle boards the wood chips or sawmill shavings are dipped in the impregnation substance before connecting and pressing, or the impregnation substance is added to adhesive or binder, respectively, which coats the chips or shavings before pressing into desired product. The cores of microintumescence inside the material, mainly on surfaces of the original chips, shavings or fibers subsequently produce gradually activate layers preventing the permeation of the fire's effects.

Fire impregnation substance is produced by polymerization of non-toxic components in such a way that pentaerythritol (5% to 90% of the mass) and ammonium polyphosphate (5% to 90% of the mass) are added to the water (30% to 96% of the mass) with temperature from 5 C. to 98 C. and the solution is mixed until it is pure. The mutual ratio of the components of pentaerythritol and ammonium polyphosphate can range from 1:18 to 18:1 During the production of the cellulose product or fibrous wood products such as chipboards or particle boards the wood chips or sawmill shavings are dipped in the impregnation substance before connecting and pressing, or the impregnation substance is added to adhesive or binder, respectively, which coats the chips or shavings before pressing into desired product. The cores of microintumescence inside the material, mainly on surfaces of the original chips, shavings or fibers subsequently produce gradually activate layers preventing the permeation of the fire's effects.

A flame retardant lysine-based derivative, a process for forming a flame retardant lysine-based derivative, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame retardant lysine-based derivative are disclosed. The flame retardant lysine-derived molecule can be synthesized from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety. A flame retardant proline-based derivative, a process for forming a flame retardant proline-based derivative, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame retardant proline-based derivative are also disclosed. The flame retardant proline-derived molecule can be synthesized from a bio-based source and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety.

A flame retardant lysine-based derivative, a process for forming a flame retardant lysine-based derivative, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame retardant lysine-based derivative are disclosed. The flame retardant lysine-derived molecule can be synthesized from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety. A flame retardant proline-based derivative, a process for forming a flame retardant proline-based derivative, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame retardant proline-based derivative are also disclosed. The flame retardant proline-derived molecule can be synthesized from a bio-based source and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety.

This disclosure provides fire retardant materials, including polymers that include at least one pyridinium salt moiety and at least one phosphine oxide moiety. In some cases, fire retardant polymers provided herein have the following structure: ##STR00001##

This disclosure provides fire retardant materials, including polymers that include at least one pyridinium salt moiety and at least one phosphine oxide moiety. In some cases, fire retardant polymers provided herein have the following structure: ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to compounds and silicic acid (hetero)polycondensates comprising structures of formulas (1) and/or (2), ##STR00001## R.sup.2 is a hydroxy group or a free carboxylic acid residue or a carboxylic acid ester derived therefrom or a salt derived therefrom, R.sup.3 denotes a residue having a hydrocarbon-containing branched or unbranched backbone which is bonded to silicon by carbon, and can be arbitrarily interrupted by heteroatoms or coupling groups or by other heteroatom-containing groups, where the zigzag line purely schematically denotes the hydrocarbon-containing backbone, the three not more closely characterized bonds of the Si-atom represent additional residues bonded to the silicon atom, selected from residues that can be hydrolyzed from silicon, hydroxy groups and residues bonded to silicon by carbon which can have the same meaning as R.sup.3 or can have a different meaning deviating therefrom, or represent oxygen bridges to further silicon atoms and/or other metal atoms in the case the structure (1) is part of a silicic acid (hetero)polycondensate, the residue Y is either divalent, and then has the meaning of S, NR.sup.4 or P(O)(R.sup.4).sub.c(Z).sub.d with ZOR.sup.4, c=0 or 1, d=0 or 1 and (c+d)=1, or trivalent and has the meaning of N or P(O), R.sup.4 represents a hydrocarbon-containing residue and in the NR.sup.4 residue can in addition have the meaning of hydrogen, W is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue bonded to Y, the chain of which can be interrupted by S, O, NH, NR.sup.4, C(O)O, NHC(O), C(O)NH, NHC(O)O, C(O)NHC(O), NHC(O)NH, S(O), C(S)O, C(S)NH, NHC(S), NHC(S)O, Ar is a residue that carries at least one aromatic group which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more residues, where the aromatic groups do not carry substituents, selected from boronic acid-, the carboxylic acid-, the phosphine acid-, the phosphonic acid- and the sulfonic acid group and from hydroxy groups, where Ar must be bonded to W if a0, Z is selected from urethane-, acid amide-, ether- and ester groups, R.sup.1 is a straight chain or branched, organically polymerizable group carrying at least one CC double bond, and the index e is 1, 2, 3, 4 or an integer greater than 4, the index a is equal to 0 or 1 or 2, the index b=1, 2, 3 or an integer greater than 3 if a0, and b=1 or 2 if a=1, the index m is 1, 2 or an integer greater than 2, the index n is 0, 1, 2 or greater than 2 and the index o is 1 or 2 or greater than 2.
composites and organically polymerized masses produced therefrom and methods for producing the same.

The present invention relates to compounds and silicic acid (hetero)polycondensates comprising structures of formulas (1) and/or (2), ##STR00001## R.sup.2 is a hydroxy group or a free carboxylic acid residue or a carboxylic acid ester derived therefrom or a salt derived therefrom, R.sup.3 denotes a residue having a hydrocarbon-containing branched or unbranched backbone which is bonded to silicon by carbon, and can be arbitrarily interrupted by heteroatoms or coupling groups or by other heteroatom-containing groups, where the zigzag line purely schematically denotes the hydrocarbon-containing backbone, the three not more closely characterized bonds of the Si-atom represent additional residues bonded to the silicon atom, selected from residues that can be hydrolyzed from silicon, hydroxy groups and residues bonded to silicon by carbon which can have the same meaning as R.sup.3 or can have a different meaning deviating therefrom, or represent oxygen bridges to further silicon atoms and/or other metal atoms in the case the structure (1) is part of a silicic acid (hetero)polycondensate, the residue Y is either divalent, and then has the meaning of S, NR.sup.4 or P(O)(R.sup.4).sub.c(Z).sub.d with ZOR.sup.4, c=0 or 1, d=0 or 1 and (c+d)=1, or trivalent and has the meaning of N or P(O), R.sup.4 represents a hydrocarbon-containing residue and in the NR.sup.4 residue can in addition have the meaning of hydrogen, W is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue bonded to Y, the chain of which can be interrupted by S, O, NH, NR.sup.4, C(O)O, NHC(O), C(O)NH, NHC(O)O, C(O)NHC(O), NHC(O)NH, S(O), C(S)O, C(S)NH, NHC(S), NHC(S)O, Ar is a residue that carries at least one aromatic group which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more residues, where the aromatic groups do not carry substituents, selected from boronic acid-, the carboxylic acid-, the phosphine acid-, the phosphonic acid- and the sulfonic acid group and from hydroxy groups, where Ar must be bonded to W if a0, Z is selected from urethane-, acid amide-, ether- and ester groups, R.sup.1 is a straight chain or branched, organically polymerizable group carrying at least one CC double bond, and the index e is 1, 2, 3, 4 or an integer greater than 4, the index a is equal to 0 or 1 or 2, the index b=1, 2, 3 or an integer greater than 3 if a0, and b=1 or 2 if a=1, the index m is 1, 2 or an integer greater than 2, the index n is 0, 1, 2 or greater than 2 and the index o is 1 or 2 or greater than 2.
composites and organically polymerized masses produced therefrom and methods for producing the same.

A polyphosphonate, a lens including the polyphosphonate, a camera module including the polyphosphonate lens, and a method of producing the lens are provided. The polyphosphonate includes a constitutional repeating unit comprising a phosphate ester group and an aromatic ring, and the phosphate ester group is directly bonded to the aromatic ring in the constitutional repeating unit.