The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) or a stereoisomer, enantiomer, racemic, or tautomer thereof, formula (I) wherein r, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and L.sup.1 have the meaning defined in the claims and the description. The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the compound of formula (I). The present invention also relates to a composition comprising the compound of formula (I). The present invention also relates to a polyurethane or polyurethane prepolymer obtainable by contacting at least one isocyanate with at least one compound of formula (I), or with a composition comprising a compound of formula (I). The present invention relates to the use of such polyurethane or polyurethane prepolymer, or a compound of formula (I), or a composition comprising a compound of formula (I), for the preparation of foams, adhesives, coatings, or elastomers. The present invention also relates to an article comprising a compound of formula (I), or a composition a compound of formula (I).

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The present disclosure relates to a polishing pad, a method for manufacturing the polishing pad, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device using the polishing pad. The polishing pad increases the area in direct contact with the semiconductor substrate during the polishing process and can prevent defects occurring on the surface of the semiconductor substrate by forming a plurality of uniform pores in the polishing layer, thereby adjusting the surface roughness characteristics of the polishing surface of the polishing layer. Further, the present disclosure may provide a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device to which the polishing pad is applied.

The present invention relates to a process for producing polyurethanes, preferably polyurethane foams, by reaction of compounds containing isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms with di- and/or polyisocyanates in the presence of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of:

NC—CHR.sup.1—CON R.sup.12—X  (I),

NC—CHR.sup.2—CONR.sup.3-aryl  (II),

NC—CHR.sup.4—CO.sub.2H  (III),

[NC—CHR.sup.5—CO.sub.2].sub.mY.sup.m+  (IV), wherein X represents NR.sup.6R.sup.7, OR.sup.8, CONR.sup.9R.sup.10 or COOR.sup.11, R.sup.1 to R.sup.12 each independently of one another represent H, an optionally substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl group or an optionally substituted aryl group, Y represents a monovalent or divalent cation and m represents 1 or 2.

The present invention further relates to the polyurethanes obtainable from this process, and to the use of such polyurethanes, for example in the interior of automobiles.

The present invention relates to a curable isocyanate-free formulation for preparing a polyurethane self-blowing foam comprising at least one multifunctional cyclic carbonate having at least two cyclic carbonate groups at the end of the chain (compound A), at least one multifunctional amine (compound B), at least one multifunctional thiol (compound C) and at least one catalyst (compound D), to a process for preparing said foams, to the thus obtained foams and the recycling of said foams.

A polyurethane elastomer composition that contains (a) an organic diisocyanate, (b) a polyester resin, (c) a chain extender, (d) an optional crosslinker, (e) an optional colorant, (f) a surfactant, (g) a foaming agent, (h) an optional bio-additive, and a composition comprised of a plasticizer and a lignin.

An object of the present invention is to provide a polyurethane composition, in which reduction in the strength of the foam is suppressed when the foam has been greatly deformed. The present invention relates to a polyurethane composition comprising a base resin and a curing agent, wherein the base resin comprises a compound (A-1) comprising a polyalkylene skeleton comprising neither an aromatic skeleton nor an alicyclic skeleton, and having two or more functional groups having an active hydrogen atom, a compound (A-2) comprising an aromatic skeleton and/or alicyclic skeleton, and having two or more functional groups having an active hydrogen atom, a blowing agent (B), and an amine-based catalyst (C); a polyurethane foam therefrom; and a method for soundproofing and reinforcing a vehicle.

Polyurethane foams and methods of manufacturing are described herein. The foam can include (a) a polyurethane formed by the reaction of (i) one or more isocyanates selected from the group consisting of diisocyanates, polyisocyanates, and mixtures thereof, and (ii) one or more polyols; and (b) a filler. The amount of filler in the foam can be from 50 to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the foam. The filler can include a plurality of fibers and/or a particulate filler. The polyurethane foams described herein are made without adding a surfactant to the reaction mixture. The density of the polyurethane foam can be at least 5 lb/ft.sup.3.

A process for producing rigid PUR/PIR foams comprising A1 an isocyanate-reactive component, A2 a flame retardant, A3 a blowing agent, A4 a catalyst, A5 optionally auxiliaries and additives, and B an organic polyisocyanate component. Component A1 comprises a triurethane triol A1.1 and a compound A1.2 selected from the group consisting of polyether polyol, polyester polyol, polyether carbonate polyol, and polyether ester polyol. Also disclosed is a rigid PUR/PIR foam, an insulating material, a composite element, and a mixture.

Method for preparing porous polyurethane materials with controlled pore size and shape using isocyanates, polyols, and additives, and the porous polyurethane materials prepared therefrom. Method for preparing porous polyimides using at least one polyamine and a dianhydride and the porous polyimides materials prepared therefrom. The porous materials are useful for energy management, such as thermal, impact and vibration energy, and can exhibit improved fire-resistant performance.

Disclosed herein are viscoelastic elastomeric polyurethane foams, a process for preparing them and a method of using them in making shaped articles. Further disclosed herein are of viscoelastic elastomeric polyurethane foams having improved, unique impact absorption performance.