The present invention relates to a charge transporting semi-conducting material comprising: a) optionally at least one electrical dopant, and b) at least one cross-linked charge-transporting polymer comprising 1,2,3-triazole cross-linking units, a method for its preparation and a semiconducting device comprising the charge transporting semi-conducting material.

The electrically conductive composition includes an electrical conductive polymer, a binder resin, and at least one of a cross-linking agent and a plasticizer.

A method for manufacturing an electrolytic capacitor is provided. A conductive polymer solution is applied onto a porous main body. The porous main body includes a porous electrode body having an electrode material and a dielectric layer covering an outer surface of the electrode material. The conductive polymer solution contains conductive polymer particles whose average particle size ranges from 0.5 nm to 50 nm. A solid electrolyte is formed to completely or partially cover a surface of the dielectric layer. A material of the conductive polymer particles includes at least one of polythiophene having at least one sulfonic acid group and polyselenophene having at least one sulfonic acid group. An electrical conductivity of a dry membrane formed from the conductive polymer particles is higher than 25 S/cm. An amount of metal cations in the conductive polymer solution is less than 500 mg/kg.

A method for manufacturing an electrolytic capacitor is provided. A crosslinking agent is applied onto a capacitor body. A solution containing a conjugated polymer is applied onto the capacitor body after applying the crosslinking agent. A part of a solvent of the solution is removed, so as to form a polymer outer layer onto the capacitor body. The capacitor body includes an electrode body, an electrode material, a dielectric layer, and a solid electrolyte. The electrode material is formed on the electrode body. A surface of the electrode material is covered by the dielectric layer. The dielectric layer is covered by the solid electrolyte. The electrode body or the solid electrolyte is formed from at least one of polythiophene having at least one sulfonic acid group and polyselenophene having at least one sulfonic acid group.

This is to provide a non-halogen containing compound excellent in proton conductivity and capable of suitably being used for a polymer electrolytic fuel cell The compound of the present invention has a structure represented by the following general formula (I). ##STR00001## (In the above-mentioned general formula (I), “l” and “n” are molar fractions when l+n=1.0, and 0≤l<1.0 and 0<n≤1.0, A represents a structure represented by the following general formula (II) or (III), B represents a structure represented by the following general formula (VII), the respective structural units are random copolymerized, and at least one benzene ring in the formula (I) has at least one sulfo group.) ##STR00002## (In the above-mentioned general formula (II) or (III), R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are each independently selected from hydrogen and an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, le and R.sup.2 form together with the carbon atom, they are attached to, an aromatic ring or a fused aromatic ring and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 form together with the carbon atom, they are attached to, an aromatic ring or a fused aromatic ring, or R.sup.1, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogens and R.sup.2 is a single bond and bonded to the carbon of “c”, X is a single bond, or a structure represented by the following formula (IV), the following formula (V) or the following formula (VI), when X is a single bond, bonds “a”s are both bonded at ortho positions or both bonded at meta positions relative to the carbons bonded to X, when X is a structure represented by the following formula (IV), bonds “a”s are both bonded at para positions relative to the carbons bonded to X, and when it is a structure represented by the following formula (V), bonds “a”s are both bonded at para positions or both bonded at meta positions relative to the carbons bonded to x, when X is a structure represented by the following formula (VI), the bonds “a”s in the above-mentioned general formula (II) or (III) exist only one of these, and A binds to other structure or a structural unit by one of the bonds “a”s and the bond “b”.) ##STR00003##

A composition for forming an organic film, containing: a material for forming an organic film shown by the following general formula; and an organic solvent, where R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an allyl group, or a propargyl group, R.sub.2 represents a nitro group, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyloxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a trifluoromethyl group, or a trifluoromethyloxy group, m = 0 or 1, n = 1 or 2, 1 = 0 or 1, k represents an integer of 0 to 2, W represents a divalent organic group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and each V independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linking moiety.

##STR00001##

Polybenzoxazine comprises repeat units which comprise at least one unit corresponding to the formulae (I) or (II): ##STR00001##
in which Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2, which are identical or different, represent an at least divalent, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic bonding group comprising at least one carbon atom and optionally at least one heteroatom selected from O, S, N and P. Such a polybenzoxazine may be used as a metal-adhesive layer, in particular for the adhesive bonding of a metal substrate, in particular made of carbon steel, to a rubber.

A composition comprising: (a) a conductive polymer, (b) a resin having a solubility parameter of 9.0 to 12.0 (cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2, (c) a solvent, and (d) a phenolic compound.

A hybrid supercapacitor where the charging state is indicated by color is demonstrated. The device comprises a molecular network that functions as both the battery-type electrode and the charge indicator. Related batteries, electrodes and devices, their processes of preparation and methods of use are provided as well.

A display device and a manufacturing method of the display device are provided. The display device includes a substrate; a pixel definition layer disposed on the substrate and having a plurality of pixel openings; a surface-active nanolayer disposed on a surface of the substrate and on a surface extending to the pixel definition layer, wherein the surface-active nanolayer covers a plurality of nanoparticles; and a light-emitting layer disposed in the plurality of pixel openings.