An organic compound comprising: ##STR00001## In this organic compound, W is selected from the group consisting of: S, Se, O, and N-Q; and Q is selected from the group consisting of: a straight-chain or branched carbyl, silyl, or hydrocarbyl, a branched or cyclic alkyl with 1 to 30 atoms, a fused substituted aromatic ring, and a fused unsubstituted aromatic ring. Additionally, in this organic compound Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are independently selected from the group selected from: H, an aryl group, and a heteroaryl group.

A method of forming a polymer, the method comprising combining 4-bromo-7-[5-bromo-4-(alkyl)thiophen-2-yl]-6-chloro-5-fluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, (3,3′-difluoro-[2,2′-bithiophene]-5,5′-diyl)bis(trimethylstannane), [4-(alkyl)-5-[5-(trimethylstannyl)thiophen-2-yl]thiophen-2-yl]trimethylstannane, tris(dibenzylideneacetone), and dipalladium P(o-tol).sub.3 tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphane to form the polymer: ##STR00001##
In this polymer, W is selected from the group consisting of: S, Se, O, and N-Q. Additionally, Q is selected from the group consisting of: a straight-chain carbyl, silyl or hydrocarbyl, branched, cyclic alkyl with 1 to 30 atoms, and fused aromatic rings. Furthermore in this polymer, R.sub.1, and R.sub.4 are independently selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, I, Br, CN, —NCO, —NCS, —OCN, —SCN, —OX, —SX, —NH.sub.2, —C(═O)X, —C(═O)—OX, —OX, —NHX, —NXX′, —C(═O)NHX, —C(═O)NXX′, —SO.sub.3X, —SO.sub.2X, —OH, —NO.sub.2, CF.sub.3, —SF.sub.5, a straight-chain or branched carbyl, silyl, or hydrocarbyl, a branched or cyclic alkyl with 1 to 30 atoms, a fused substituted aromatic ring, and a fused unsubstituted aromatic ring. This polymer can also have R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from F, Cl, Br and I. Additionally, in this polymer, the fused aromatic rings can be independently fused with groups consisting of: a straight-chain or branched carbyl, silyl, or hydrocarbyl, a branched or cyclic alkyl with 1 to 30 atoms, a fused substituted aromatic ring, and a fused unsubstituted aromatic ring. Lastly, in this polymer, h+j is between 0.2 to 0.6 and i+k is between 0.4 and 0.8.

The present invention provides compounds comprising at least one unit of formula (1) or (1′) as well as a process for the preparation of the compounds, intermediates of this process, electronic devices comprising the compounds, and the use of the compounds as semiconducting materials.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides for the development and applications of monomeric, oligomeric and/or polymeric semiconductor materials comprising a five-membered heteroaromatic unit (e.g., thiophene; furan; selenophene; etc.) that includes an acrylyl or an acrylyl-like (—C═C—CO—) side chain. The semiconductor materials can be used as organic semiconductors for use in electronic, optical, or optoelectronic devices such as organic thin film transistors and organic photovoltaics. The disclosed semiconductor materials (e.g., semiconducting polymer compounds) can be used as high performance semiconductors (e.g., for organic solar cells or organic photovoltaics (OPVs)), and the disclosed semiconductor materials can be used for other devices (e.g., organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) and sensors, etc.).

A high molecular weight compound according to the present invention includes a substituted triarylamine structural unit represented by a general formula (1) below, ##STR00001## where Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent a hydrogen atom, a heavy hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkyloxy group, or a cycloalkyloxy group, X, Y and Z are, on the condition that at least one of them is an aryl group or a heteroaryl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, or a group similar to the groups represented by R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 above.

The organic semiconductor polymers relate to polymers containing an indolo-naphthyridine-6,13-dione thiophene (INDT) chromophore. The organic semiconductor polymers are formed by polymerizing INDT monomer with thiophene to obtain a conjugated polymer of the chromophore linked by thiophene monomers (INDT-T), with phenyl to obtain a conjugated polymer of the chromophore linked by phenyl monomers (INDT-P), with selenophene to obtain a conjugated polymer of the chromophore linked by selenophene monomers (INDT-S), or with benzothiadazole to obtain a conjugated polymer of the chromophore linked by benzothiadazole monomers (INDT-BT).

A system for adjusting oversubscription loading includes an interface and a processor. The interface is configured to receive a set of performance data from a set of worker systems. The processor is configured to determine a feedback indication for a worker system of the set of worker systems based at least in part on the set of performance data. The feedback indication is used to adjust an oversubscription controller on the worker system. The processor is configured to provide the feedback indication to the worker system.

A polymer for organic electroluminescent devices having high luminous efficiency and applicable to a wet process is provided. This polymer for organic electroluminescent devices is characterized in that it includes a polymer of a polyphenylene main chain represented by General Formula (1) which is used in at least one layer of an organic layer in an organic electroluminescent device formed by laminating an anode, the organic layer, and a cathode on a substrate, and which has thermally activated delayed fluorescence characteristics (TADF characteristics) (where x is a phenylene group or a linked phenylene group, L is a single bond, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic heterocyclic group, and A is an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, or a linked aromatic group, and satisfies S1(A)−T1(A)≤0.50 (eV)).

##STR00001##

An object of the present invention is to provide a n-type semiconductor element having improved n-type semiconductor characteristics and excellent stability with a convenient process, where the n-type semiconductor element includes: a substrate; a source electrode, a drain electrode, and a gate electrode; a semiconductor layer in contact with the source electrode and the drain electrode; a gate insulating layer for insulating the semiconductor layer from the gate electrode; and a second insulating layer positioned on the opposite side of the semiconductor layer from the gate insulating layer and in contact with the semiconductor layer, where the semiconductor layer contains nanocarbon, and the second insulating layer contains (a) a compound with an ionization potential in vacuum of 7.0 eV or less, and (b) a polymer.

Provided are a polymer semiconductor including a first structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a second structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 2, a stretchable polymer thin film including the same, and an electronic device. ##STR00001## Definitions of Chemical Formulas 1 and 2 are as described in the detailed description.