This disclosure relates generally to electrochromic polymers that include a plurality of -conjugated chromophores in spaced relation with one another, and a plurality of conjugation-break spacers (CBSs), where at least one CBS separates adjacent chromophores. The chromophores may be colored in the neutral state, and multicolored to transmissive in different oxidization states.

Provided is a fluorine atom-containing polymer which is a condensation polymer of a fluorene derivative that provides a repeating unit represented by formula (1), a fluorene derivative that provides a repeating unit represented by formula (2) and a fluorene derivative that provides a repeating unit represented by formula (3).

##STR00001##

A co-polymer comprising a repeat unit of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2 and Ar.sup.3 each independently represent an aryl or heteroaryl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents, the copolymer further comprising a conjugation-breaking repeat unit that does not provide any conjugation path between repeat units adjacent to the conjugation-breaking repeat unit. The copolymer may be used as a host material of a phosphorescent material in a light-emitting layer of an organic light-emitting device.

This disclosure relates generally to electrochromic polymers that include a plurality of -conjugated chromophores in spaced relation with one another, and a plurality of conjugation-break spacers (CBSs), where at least one CBS separates adjacent chromophores. The chromophores may be colored in the neutral state, and multicolored to transmissive in different oxidization states.

The present invention relates to electroluminescent polymers which comprise indenofluorenarylamine derivatives as recurring units, to a process for the preparation thereof, to blends and formulations comprising these polymers, and to the use of these polymers or blends in electronic devices, in particular in organic light-emitting diodes, so-called OLEDs.

A composition and method of forming a composition including a compound including a poly(phenylene) backbone represented by the following formula: ##STR00001##
wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be the same or different and is H or an unsubstituted or inertly-substituted aromatic moiety; wherein Ar.sub.1 is an unsubstituted or inertly-substituted aromatic moiety; wherein R.sub.4 is an alkylene, perfluoroalkyl, polyethylene glycol, or polypropylene glycol moiety; wherein each of R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 is H or a monovalent hydrocarbon group including two to 18 carbon atoms, with the proviso that each R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 cannot be H; and wherein each of Y.sub.6, Y.sub.7, Y.sub.8, Y.sub.9, Y.sub.10 and Y.sub.11 may be the same or different and is H or a functional group are disclosed. The composition can be used as anion-exchange membranes and as an electrode binder material in anion exchange membrane fuel cells.