A process of forming a conjugated polymer comprising polymerising a first monomer and a second monomer in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base, in a solvent system comprising a first solvent, a second solvent and water; wherein: the first and second monomers are is dissolved in the solvent system; and the solvent system is a single phase. The first monomer may be substituted with a polar group, e.g. an ionic group.

Water solvated polymeric dyes and polymeric tandem dyes having a blue excitation spectrum are provided. The polymeric dyes are conjugated polymers that can include a thiophene-containing co-monomer. The polymeric tandem dyes further include a signaling chromophore covalently linked to the conjugated polymer in energy-receiving proximity therewith. Also provided are labelled specific binding members that include the subject polymeric dyes. Methods of evaluating a sample for the presence of a target analyte and methods of labelling a target molecule in which the subject polymeric dyes find use are also provided. Systems and kits for practicing the subject methods are also provided.

Disclosed herein are polymers comprising at least one unit of formulae (1a)-(1f):

##STR00001## ##STR00002##

The present specification relates to an organic solar cell including a first electrode; a second electrode; and one or more organic material layers including a photoactive layer, wherein the photoactive layer includes an electron donor and an electron acceptor, the electron donor includes a polymer including a first unit represented by Chemical Formula 1; a second unit represented by Chemical Formula 2; and a third unit represented by Chemical Formula 3, and the electron acceptor includes a non-fullerene-based compound.

The present disclosure provides a polymer represented by the following general formula (I):

##STR00001## wherein x and y each represent a repeating unit, and both x and y are positive integers; formula

##STR00002##

and formula

##STR00003##

are each independently selected from the group consisting of an aryl containing 5-40 ring atoms and a heteroaryl containing 5-40 ring atoms; formula

##STR00004##

is a linking group, and formula

##STR00005##

is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, amino, alkenyl, alkynyl, aralkyl, and heteroalkyl; and R2, R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, amino, Si, germyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, fluoroalkoxy, siloxane, siloxy, deuterated alkyl, deuterated fluoroalkyl, deuterated aryl, deuterated heteroaryl, deuterated amino, deuterated silyl, deuterated germyl, deuterated alkoxy, deuterated aryloxy, deuterated fluoroalkoxy, deuterated siloxane, and deuterated siloxy.

A hole transport copolymer having the following Formula III is disclosed herein:

##STR00001##

In some embodiments, A is a monomeric unit having Formula Ia or Formula IIa, B is a B is a monomeric unit having at least three points of attachment in the copolymer, E is the same or different at each occurrence and is selected from the group consisting of H, D, halide, alkyl, aryl, arylamino, siloxane, crosslinkable groups, deuterated alkyl, deuterated aryl, deuterated arylamino, deuterated siloxane, and deuterated crosslinkable groups, and x, y, and z are the same or different and are mole fractions, such that x+y+z=1, and x and y are non-zero.

A polybenzodifuran ladder polymer is disclosed.

An organic electronic material containing a charge transport polymer for which, in a molecular weight distribution chart measured by GPC, the area ratio accounted for by components having a molecular weight of less than 20,000 is not more than 40%, and the area ratio accounted for by components having a molecular weight of 500 or less is not more than 1%.

The invention relates to a process for producing a conjugated polymer blend. The process for producing the conjugated polymer blend comprises the mixture of: a polymer A (X-Y), where X is ##STR00001##
and Y is ##STR00002##
and h is a substituent, a polymer B (X-Y) where X is ##STR00003##
Y is ##STR00004##
and j is a substituent, and an acceptor. In this process h and j are different substituents and independently selected from each other.

A single liquid phase formulation useful for producing an organic charge transporting film. The formulation contains: (a) a polymer resin having M.sub.w at least 3,000 and having arylmethoxy linkages; (b) an acid catalyst which is an organic Bronsted acid with pKa4; a Lewis acid comprising a positive aromatic ion and an anion which is (i) a tetraaryl borate having the formula (I) wherein R represents zero to five non-hydrogen substituents selected from D, F and CF.sub.3, (ii) BF.sub.4.sup., (iii) PF.sub.6.sup., (iv) SbF.sub.6.sup., (v) AsF.sub.6.sup. or (vi) ClO.sub.4.sup.; or a thermal acid generator.

##STR00001##