An interpenetrating network (IPN) polymer membrane material includes a soft polyurethane interspersed with a crosslinked conducting polymer. The material can be reversibly “switched” between its oxidized and reduced states by the application of a small voltage, ˜1 to 4 volts, thus modulating its diffusivity.

A stable conductive myocardial patch with a negative Poisson's ratio structure is provided. The preparation method includes preparing a myocardial patch substrate with concave polygons as the structural units by weaving or knitting, and then a conductive coating is coated on the surface of the substrate. Alternatively, the yarns can be processed into conductive coated yarns first, and then used as the raw material to weave or knit a stable conductive myocardial patch with a negative Poisson's ratio structure. The prepared myocardial patch has a relative resistance change of less than 5% at 50% tensile strain. When the strain of the structural units is within 50%, the fabric exhibits a negative Poisson's ratio structure, which expands in the perpendicular direction of the tensile load. The fabric exhibits a negative Poisson's ratio effect and anisotropy of Young's modulus, which matches the mechanical behavior of natural myocardium.

Provided is a manufacturing method of a graphene-based liquid crystal fiber including: polymerizing a first aromatic monomer on a graphene-based compound to prepare a graphene composite in which a first aromatic polymer is surface-polymerized on the graphene-based compound; wet-spinning the graphene composite to manufacture a hydrogel fiber; and polymerizing a second aromatic monomer on the hydrogel fiber to fill pores of the hydrogel fiber with a second aromatic polymer.

The present application can provide a preparation method that can effectively produce a polymer having desired molecular weight characteristics and solubility in a solvent, and having a monomer composition, which is designed freely and variously according to the purpose, without unnecessary components with excellent polymerization efficiency and conversion rates, and a dispersion comprising the polymer formed by the preparation method.

A polycyclic polyphenolic resin having a repeating unit derived from at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydroxy compound represented by the following formulae (1A) and (1B), wherein the repeating units are linked to each other by a direct bond between aromatic rings,

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wherein X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a single bond or non-crosslinked state, and Y represents a 2n-valent group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms or a single bond, wherein when X is non-crosslinked state, Y represents the 2n-valent group; A represents a benzene ring or a fused ring; each R.sup.0 is independently an alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally having a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally having a substituent, an alkenyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally having a substituent, an alkynyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally having a substituent, a halogen atom, a thiol group, or a hydroxy group, wherein at least one R.sup.0 is a hydroxy group; and each m is independently an integer of 1 to 9; and n is an integer of 1 to 4; and each p is independently an integer of 0 to 3.

The present disclosure presents a disulfide containing monomer, its reduced form, its derivative, the synthesis method of this disulfide containing monomer, and the polymer containing the monomers disclosed thereof

An interpenetrating network (IPN) polymer membrane material includes a soft polyurethane interspersed with a crosslinked conducting polymer. The material can be reversibly “switched” between its oxidized and reduced states by the application of a small voltage, ˜1 to 4 volts, thus modulating its diffusivity.

An electrically conductive material includes an anionic polymer having a polymer backbone that is bonded to a plurality of terminal catechol moieties and a plurality of terminal sulfonate moieties. It also includes a cationic polymer including poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene).

Provided are a polarizing plate, a polarizing plate adhesive composition for same, and an optical display apparatus comprising same, the polarizing plate comprising: a polarizer; and a polarizing plate adhesive layer and a protective layer which are sequentially formed on at least one surface of the polarizer, wherein the polarizing plate adhesive layer comprises poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), and the polarizing plate adhesive layer has a surface resistance of about 1×10.sup.8 to about 1×10.sup.12(Ω/□).

Embodiments may relate to a material to provide electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection in an electrical device. The material may include first and second electrically-conductive carbon allotropes. The material may further include an electrically-conductive polymer that is chemically bonded to the first and second electrically-conductive carbon allotropes such that an electrical signal may pass between the first and second electrically-conductive carbon allotropes. Other embodiments may be described or claimed.