This is to provide a non-halogen containing compound excellent in proton conductivity and capable of suitably being used for a polymer electrolytic fuel cell

The compound of the present invention has a structure represented by the following general formula (I).

##STR00001##

(In the above-mentioned general formula (I), l and n are molar fractions when l+n=1.0, and 0l<1.0 and 0<n1.0, A represents a structure represented by the following general formula (II) or (III), B represents a structure represented by the following general formula (VII), the respective structural units are random copolymerized, and at least one benzene ring in the formula (I) has at least one sulfo group.)

##STR00002##

(In the above-mentioned general formula (II) or (III), R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are each independently selected from hydrogen and an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, le and R.sup.2 form together with the carbon atom, they are attached to, an aromatic ring or a fused aromatic ring and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 form together with the carbon atom, they are attached to, an aromatic ring or a fused aromatic ring, or R.sup.1, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogens and R.sup.2 is a single bond and bonded to the carbon of c, X is a single bond, or a structure represented by the following formula (IV), the following formula (V) or the following formula (VI), when X is a single bond, bonds as are both bonded at ortho positions or both bonded at meta positions relative to the carbons bonded to X, when X is a structure represented by the following formula (IV), bonds as are both bonded at para positions relative to the carbons bonded to X, and when it is a structure represented by the following formula (V), bonds as are both bonded at para positions or both bonded at meta positions relative to the carbons bonded to x, when X is a structure represented by the following formula (VI), the bonds as in the above-mentioned general formula (II) or (III) exist only one of these, and A binds to other structure or a structural unit by one of the bonds as and the bond b.)

##STR00003##

Chemically inert, mechanically tough, cationic metallo-polyelectrolytes designed as durable anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of cobaltocenium-containing cyclooctene with triazole as the only linker group, followed by backbone hydrogenation to provide a new class of AEMs with a polyethylene-like framework and alkaline-stable cobaltocenium cation for ion transport, which exhibit excellent thermal, chemical and mechanical stability, as well as high ion conductivity.

Disclosed is a hydrogenated norbornene ring-opened polymer, wherein a proportion of a norbornene-derived repeating unit is 90% by mass or more, a meso diad fraction of the norbornene-derived repeating unit is 80% or more, and in an X-ray diffraction pattern measured at 25 C. using a CuK radiation source, an X-ray diffraction peak is observed which has a peak top positioned in a diffraction angle (2) range of 17 or more and 18 or less.

Provided is a method for producing a concave-convex structure, the method including a preparation step of preparing a laminate including a base material layer, a photocurable resin layer containing a fluorine-containing cyclic olefin polymer (A), a photocurable compound (B) and a photocuring initiator (C), and a protective film layer in this order; a peeling step of peeling the protective film layer of the laminate; a pressing step of pressing a mold against the photocurable resin layer exposed in the peeling step; and a light irradiation step of irradiating the photocurable resin layer with light, in which a concave-convex structure having an inverted concave-convex pattern of the mold is produced.

The present invention relates to a method for the polymerization of cycloolefins by ring-opening metathesis. The reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one particular catalyst, selected from the ruthenium alkylidene complexes comprising at least one 1-aryl-3-cycloalkyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene ligand and mixtures thereof. The invention also relates to a kit for implementing this method.

Elastic Parylene films produced via chemical vapor deposition polymerization (CVDP) on a substrate are disclosed.

The present disclosure provides alkaline-stable m-terphenyl benzimidazolium hydroxide compounds, in which the C2-position is attached to a phenyl group having various substituents at the ortho positions. Polymers incorporating m-terphenylene repeating groups derived from these alkaline-stable benzimidazolium hydroxide compounds are also presented, along with their inclusion in ionic membranes and in electrochemical devices.

Poly(aryl alkylene) polymers or poly(aryl-crown ether-alkylene) polymers with pendant cationic groups are provided which have an alkaline-stable cation, such as imidazolium, introduced into a rigid aromatic polymer backbone free of ether bonds. Hydroxide exchange membranes or hydroxide exchange ionomers formed from these polymers exhibit superior chemical stability, hydroxide conductivity, decreased water uptake, good solubility in selected solvents, and improved mechanical properties in an ambient dry state as compared to conventional hydroxide exchange membranes or ionomers. Hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells and hydroxide exchange membrane electrolyzers comprising the poly(aryl alkylene) polymers or poly(aryl-crown ether-alkylene) polymers with pendant cationic groups exhibit enhanced performance and durability at relatively high temperatures.

The present invention provides:

a copolymer (A) which is a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing one or plural cycloolefin monomers and one or plural acyclic olefin monomers, or a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing two or more cycloolefin monomers, wherein the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the copolymer is 100 C. or higher, the refractive index of the copolymer is 1.545 or higher, and the Abbe's number of the copolymer is 50 or larger, and at least one of the cycloolefin monomers is a deltacyclene.

Methods for fabricating three-dimensional objects by 3D-inkjet printing technology are provided. The methods utilize curable materials that polymerize via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) for fabricating the object. Systems suitable for performing these methods and kits containing modeling material formulations usable in the methods are also provided.