A process for the recovery of a perfluorosulphonic acid ionomer from a component comprising a perfluorosulphonic acid ionomer is disclosed, the process comprising immersing the component comprising the perfluorosulphonic acid ionomer in a solvent comprising an aliphatic diol and heating. Also disclosed is the use of the recovered perfluorosulphonic acid ionomer, for example in to prepared a proton conducting membrane or a catalyst ink.

The present invention provides a method for producing resin beads which can provide various types of products, such as cosmetics, imparted with superior tactile impression, spreadability on the skin, transparency, and product stability, and which can be substituted for resin particles composed of a synthetic material derived from petroleum. The method is a method for producing resin beads containing a cellulose derivative as a main component. The production method includes: a suspension preparation step of mixing an oil phase containing the cellulose derivative and an organic solvent that dissolves the cellulose derivative, the organic solvent having a water-solubility of 0.1 to 50.0 g, and an aqueous phase containing a dispersion stabilizer, thereby preparing a suspension containing oil droplets containing the cellulose derivative and the organic solvent; and an oil droplet contraction step of adding water to the suspension, thereby contracting the oil droplets, wherein the water is added to the suspension in such a way as to satisfy the following expression (A) until a content of the organic solvent in the suspension becomes equal to or less than the water-solubility of the organic solvent.

(W/S)/T≤1.00  (A), wherein

W: an addition amount of water (parts by mass),

S: an amount of the suspension (parts by mass), and

T: a time (minutes) required for addition.

An inverse emulsion copolymer composition comprises (A) an aqueous phase comprising a cross-linked hydrophilic polyelectrolyte copolymer (A′) obtained by the free radical copolymerisation of: (i) at least one anionic ethylenically unsaturated monomer bearing a negatively charged group and one polymerisable C═C double bond, or at least one cationic ethylenically unsaturated monomer bearing a positively charged group and one polymerisable C═C double bond, and (ii) at least one non-ionic ethylenically unsaturated cross-linking monomer bearing at least two polymerisable C═C double bonds, and (iii) optionally, one or more hydrophilic non-ionic ethylenically unsaturated monomers bearing one polymerisable C═C double bond, (B) an oil phase comprising a carrier oil (C), (D) (i) at least one water-in-oil emulsifying surfactant, and (D) (ii) at least one oil-in-water emulsifying surfactant; characterised in that the carrier oil component (C) of the oil phase comprises from 75% to 100%, by weight of the said carrier oil component (C), of farnesane (2, 6, 10-trimethyldodecane). The compositions are effective for use as thickeners for thickening aqueous solutions, including solutions which contain dissolved salts. The compositions also show excellent thickening in acidic solutions than counterpart compositions containing paraffinic oils.

The present disclosure is directed to multiphase dispersions and nanaocomposites comprised of continuous matrix or binder and endohedrally impregnated cellular carbon filler. These nanocomposites may exhibit superior mechanical, electrical, thermal, or other properties, and may be used in a variety of products, including hierarchical fiber-reinforced composites with nanocomposite matrices.

Provided are a gelled composition containing a thickening agent homogeneously dissolved in a polyhydric alcohol and a method for producing it. The gelled composition contains a polymer containing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid unit and an anhydrous polyhydric alcohol. The polymer is a partially neutralized product that has a degree of neutralization of 20 to 75%, and the polymer is dissolved in the alcohol. The method for producing the composition includes a first step of preparing a dispersion of a polymer containing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid unit in an anhydrous polyhydric alcohol, and a second step of mixing the dispersion with an anhydrous polyhydric alcohol to prepare a solution of the polymer in the alcohol. The polymer for use in the first step is a partially neutralized product that has a degree of neutralization of 20 to 75%, and is in the form of spherical particles.

The disclosure provides a nanodispersion of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in monoethylene glycol (MEG) as well as a method for dispersing CNCs in MEG and a process for preparing a polymer composites comprising a CNC nanodispersion in MEG comprising copolymerizing said nanodispersion of CNCs and at least one monomer polymerizable with said MEG and/or CNCs.

An aqueous dispersion comprising a tetrafluoroethylene core-shell polymer and at least one surfactant corresponding to the general formula R.sub.10-[CH.sub.2CH.sub.20].sub.n[R.sub.20].sub.m-R.sub.3 wherein R.sub.1 represents a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having at least 8 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R2 represents an alkylene having 3 carbon atoms, R3 represents hydrogen, a C1-C3 alkyl group, or a C1-C3 hydroxyalkyl group, n has a value of 0 to 40, m has a value of 0 to 40 and the sum of n+m is at least 2, wherein the dispersion is free of fluorinated emulsifiers or contains them in an amount of less than 50 ppm based on the weight of the dispersion and wherein the core-shell polymer contains an outer shell of tetrafluoroethylene homopolymer. Further provided are methods of making the dispersions, coating compositions comprising the dispersions and article coated by the coating composition.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for producing an organic compound, and a composition. The object is achieved by a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein X represents —O—, an optionally substituted imino group, or —S—, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group optionally having at least one substituent, and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, together with X and one carbon atom respectively adjacent to R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, may form a heterocyclic ring optionally having at least one substituent, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, and R.sup.4 represents —CF.sub.2CH.sub.3 or —CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2; the method including step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2):

##STR00002##

wherein the alphabetical symbols are as defined above, with vinylidene fluoride under light irradiation.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for producing an organic compound, and a composition. The object is achieved by a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein X represents —O—, an optionally substituted imino group, or —S—, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group optionally having at least one substituent, and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, together with X and one carbon atom respectively adjacent to R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, may form a heterocyclic ring optionally having at least one substituent, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, and R.sup.4 represents —CF.sub.2CH.sub.3 or —CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2; the method including step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2):

##STR00002##

wherein the alphabetical symbols are as defined above, with vinylidene fluoride under light irradiation.

A method of preparing thermoplastic polyester elastomer membrane with high binding strength includes the following steps: (a) Adding a reaction solvent to TPEE powder or granules to prepare a solvent mixture, (b) Adding a modifier to the solvent mixture, and mixing uniformly to prepare a first mixture, the modifier including at least one of o-xylylenediamine, m-xylylenediamine, alpha,alpha′-diamino-p-xylene, 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-p-xylene-alpha,alpha′-diamine, and 1,3,5,7-Tetraazatricyclodecane. (c) Adding an initiator to the first mixture, and mixing uniformly to prepare a second mixture, (d) Obtaining a finished product by passing the second mixture through an injection laminating process.