A karst channel type water inrush efficient-blocking ultra-high expansion grouting material, preparation, methods and application thereof, the grouting material includes macromolecule polymer particles A and a cross-linking solidifying fluid B, wherein the macromolecule polymer particles A are an inlaid type core-shell structure, primary macromolecule water-absorbent resin serves as an inner core, part of a gelling catalyzer is attached to an the inner core surface forming a shell, and the gelling catalyzer permeates the inner core forming an inlaid structure; before use, the macromolecule polymer particle A and the cross-linking solidifying fluid B are stirred; and then obtained mixed liquid is used as the grouting material to be injected into a fracture of a rock mass fracture zone. By means of the grouting material, high-pressure large-flow karst water inrush can be efficiently treated, the blocking efficiency of water inrush is improved, and major underground engineering construction of China is further facilitated.

Polyphenylene sulfide microparticles have a linseed oil absorption amount of 40 to 1,000 mL/100 g and a number average particle diameter of 1 to 200 μm. The porous PPS microparticles have a large specific surface area and therefore promote fusion of particles when molded into various molded bodies by applying thermal energy, thus enabling formation or molding of a coating layer of particles at a lower temperature in a shorter time. The porous PPS microparticles have a porous shape and therefore enable scattering light in multiple directions and suppression of specific reflection of reflected light in a specific direction, thus making it possible to impart shading effect and matte effect when added to a medium.

Polyphenylene sulfide microparticles have a linseed oil absorption amount of 40 to 1,000 mL/100 g and a number average particle diameter of 1 to 200 μm. The porous PPS microparticles have a large specific surface area and therefore promote fusion of particles when molded into various molded bodies by applying thermal energy, thus enabling formation or molding of a coating layer of particles at a lower temperature in a shorter time. The porous PPS microparticles have a porous shape and therefore enable scattering light in multiple directions and suppression of specific reflection of reflected light in a specific direction, thus making it possible to impart shading effect and matte effect when added to a medium.

The present invention provides a process for making a silica masterbatch that contains hydrophobated silica, solution-made rubber and emulsion-made rubber. Hydrophobated silica is mixed into a latex emulsion. Solution-rubber crumb in an aqueous suspension is mixed into the latex emulsion, which is coagulated, and a crumb is recovered, further homogenized, dried and baled to yield the silica masterbatch. A well-dispersed mixture of hydrophobated silica and emulsion-made rubber is added into a steam distillation step of a solution-rubber process from which a silica masterbatch is recovered. The emulsion-made rubber can be omitted to make a silica masterbatch of solution rubber and silica without emulsion rubber. The silica masterbatch has physical properties similar to those found in a comparable dry-mixed composition, but the silica masterbatch can be incorporated more easily and less expensively into tires and other rubber products than the dry-mixed composition.

A composition comprising a mixture of fluoropolyether acids or salts having a number average value of about 800 to about 2500 g/mol. The amount of fluoropolyether acids or salt in the mixture having a molecular weight of not more than 500 g/mol is not more than 50 ppm by weight of the total amount of fluoropolyether acids or salts in the mixture. The amount of fluoropolyether acids or salts in the mixture having a molecular weight of 2500 g/mol or greater is not more than 40% by weight of the total amount of fluoropolyether acids or salts in the mixture. Preferably the fluoropolyether acids or salts comprise an anionic group selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfonamide anion and phosphonate. Also disclosed is an aqueous dispersion polymerization process for fluoropolymer manufacture employing polymerization agent comprising the specified mixture of fluoropolyether acids or salts.

A composition comprising a mixture of fluoropolyether acids or salts having a number average value of about 800 to about 2500 g/mol. The amount of fluoropolyether acids or salt in the mixture having a molecular weight of not more than 500 g/mol is not more than 50 ppm by weight of the total amount of fluoropolyether acids or salts in the mixture. The amount of fluoropolyether acids or salts in the mixture having a molecular weight of 2500 g/mol or greater is not more than 40% by weight of the total amount of fluoropolyether acids or salts in the mixture. Preferably the fluoropolyether acids or salts comprise an anionic group selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfonamide anion and phosphonate. Also disclosed is an aqueous dispersion polymerization process for fluoropolymer manufacture employing polymerization agent comprising the specified mixture of fluoropolyether acids or salts.

The present invention provides a method for producing resin beads which can provide various types of products, such as cosmetics, imparted with superior tactile impression, spreadability on the skin, transparency, and product stability, and which can be substituted for resin particles composed of a synthetic material derived from petroleum. The method is a method for producing resin beads containing a cellulose derivative as a main component. The production method includes: a suspension preparation step of mixing an oil phase containing the cellulose derivative and an organic solvent that dissolves the cellulose derivative, the organic solvent having a water-solubility of 0.1 to 50.0 g, and an aqueous phase containing a dispersion stabilizer, thereby preparing a suspension containing oil droplets containing the cellulose derivative and the organic solvent; and an oil droplet contraction step of adding water to the suspension, thereby contracting the oil droplets, wherein the water is added to the suspension in such a way as to satisfy the following expression (A) until a content of the organic solvent in the suspension becomes equal to or less than the water-solubility of the organic solvent.

(W/S)/T≤1.00  (A), wherein

W: an addition amount of water (parts by mass),

S: an amount of the suspension (parts by mass), and

T: a time (minutes) required for addition.

The present invention provides a method for producing resin beads which can provide various types of products, such as cosmetics, imparted with superior tactile impression, spreadability on the skin, transparency, and product stability, and which can be substituted for resin particles composed of a synthetic material derived from petroleum. The method is a method for producing resin beads containing a cellulose derivative as a main component. The production method includes: a suspension preparation step of mixing an oil phase containing the cellulose derivative and an organic solvent that dissolves the cellulose derivative, the organic solvent having a water-solubility of 0.1 to 50.0 g, and an aqueous phase containing a dispersion stabilizer, thereby preparing a suspension containing oil droplets containing the cellulose derivative and the organic solvent; and an oil droplet contraction step of adding water to the suspension, thereby contracting the oil droplets, wherein the water is added to the suspension in such a way as to satisfy the following expression (A) until a content of the organic solvent in the suspension becomes equal to or less than the water-solubility of the organic solvent.

(W/S)/T≤1.00  (A), wherein

W: an addition amount of water (parts by mass),

S: an amount of the suspension (parts by mass), and

T: a time (minutes) required for addition.

Particles having excellent touch properties are achieved with a water-soluble material having excellent biodegradability. Particles according to the present invention contain a starch having an amylopectin content of 90% by weight or more. The average particle diameter d.sub.1 of the panicles is 0.5 to 20 μm, and the maximum particle diameter d.sub.2 is less than 30 μm while being within 3.0 times the average particle diameter.

A method for producing a rubber composition include a mixing step, a drying step, and a dispersion step. In the mixing step, an aqueous solution that includes at least one of oxycellulose fibers and cellulose nanofibers is mixed with rubber latex to obtain a first mixture. In the drying step, the first mixture is dried to obtain a second mixture. In the dispersion step, the second mixture is tight-milled using an open roll to obtain a rubber composition. The rubber composition does not include an aggregate that includes at least one of the oxycellulose fibers and the cellulose nanofibers, and has a diameter of 0.1 mm or more.