Antioxidant-containing expandable resin particles including composite resin particles containing 100 to 400 parts by mass of polystyrene-based resin relative to 100 parts by mass of polypropylene-based resin, and a blowing agent and an antioxidant contained in the composite resin particles, wherein the polypropylene-based resin is abundantly present on the surface of the composite resin particles and poorly present at the center of the particles, and the composite resin particles contain 150 to 1500 ppm of antioxidant.

Carbon black-containing composite resin pre-expanded particles comprising 100 to 400 parts by mass of a polystyrene-based resin with respect to 100 parts by mass of a carbon black-containing polyolefin-based resin; having a carbon black content of 0.5 to 5.0% by mass and a bulk density of 0.015 to 0.25 g/cm.sup.3; and having an outermost layer of 30 to 80 pm after undergoing the following tests: (a) one of the carbon black-containing composite resin pre-expanded particles is sliced into a 1-mm slice in such a way that cross-section surfaces of cells are exposed on both surfaces of the slice; (b) the obtained slice is immersed in toluene at 25 C. for 24 hours to extract a polystyrene-based resin component as described above; (c) the cross-section surface of the slice is then subjected to magnified photographing by a microscope; (d) the obtained microscope image is observed.

The present invention provides a polyolefin resin foam sheet having an area density of 5 g/m.sup.2 or more and 400 g/m.sup.2 or less, and having a time (t) required for a weight decrease from 90% by mass to 10% by mass, of 9 minutes or more, as measured by thermogravimetric analysis carried out at a heating rate of 10? C./min and a measurement temperature of 23? C. to 550? C. According to the present invention, a polyolefin resin foam sheet can be provided that has a high fire retardancy while maintaining a lightweight property.

Disclosed are a process of producing a polyurethane foam product, a polyurethane foam product pre-mix, polyurethane foam product formulation, and a polyurethane foam product. The process of producing the polyurethane foam product includes contacting a halohydrin component with a polyurethane foam product pre-mix. The polyurethane foam product pre-mix includes the halohydrin component. The polyurethane foam product formulation includes a polyol component, an isocyanate component, and a halohydrin component. The polyurethane foam product is formed by the pre-mix having the halohydrin component.

Polyurethane composites and methods of preparation are described herein. The methods of making the polyurethane composite can include mixing (1) at least one isocyanate selected from the group consisting of diisocyanates, polyisocyanates, and mixtures thereof, (2) at least one polyol, (3) an inorganic filler, and (4) an evaporative coolant in an extruder to form a mixture. The method also include extruding the mixture into a mold cavity, generating heat in the mold cavity from the reaction of the at least one isocyanate and the at least one polyol, and allowing the evaporative coolant to migrate to an interface between the mixture and the interior mold surface. The temperature of the mixture causes evaporation of the evaporative coolant at the interface thereby removing heat at the interface. Suitable evaporative coolants for use in the methods of making the polyurethane composites include hydrofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons.

The present invention relates, in part, to ternary azeotropic compositions and mixtures including chlorotrifluoropropene, methanol, and a third component selected from isohexane, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, and petroleum ether. The present invention further relates to ternary azeotropic compositions and mixtures including chlorotrifluoropropene, cyclopentane, and a alcohol selected from methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol.

The use of an Ostwald hydrophobe in the production of polymer foams, preferably polyurethane foam, in particular rigid polyurethane foam, from liquid reaction mixtures, to retard cell ageing, in particular to retard cell ageing caused by Ostwald ripening, is described.

The present invention provides novel cyclic phosphorus-containing compounds, namely hydroxyl-functional phospholene-1-oxides, serving as highly efficient reactive flame retardants in urethane systems, particularly in flexible polyurethane foams, semi-rigid and rigid polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams. The invention further provides fire-retarded polyurethane compositions comprising said hydroxyl-functional phospholene-1-oxides.

The present invention provides novel cyclic phosphorus-containing compounds, namely hydroxyl-functional phospholene-1-oxides, serving as highly efficient reactive flame retardants in urethane systems, particularly in flexible polyurethane foams, rigid polyurethane foams and rigid polyisocyanurate foams. The invention further provides fire-retarded polyurethane compositions comprising said hydroxyl-functional phospholene-1-oxides.

The present invention relates to polyurethane foams having a polymeric foam structure including a plurality of closed cells therein; and an HFO or HCFO blowing agent, including HCFO-1233zd or HFO-1234ze. In certain aspects, the present invention relates to foam premixes, and the resulting foam structures, that include HCFO-1233zd as blowing agent used alone, or in certain aspects, in a blend with a co-blowing agent such as methyl formate.