The present invention relates to a preparation of a block of fiber-reinforced polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foam in which the expansion of the foam is constrained by the walls of a double belt laminator forming a tunnel, the block of fiber-reinforced polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foam being composed of cells storing a gas, advantageously having low thermal conductivity, and exhibiting a density of less than 50 kg.m.sup.−3 with a content of fibers C.sub.f representing at least 4% by weight of the block of fiber-reinforced foam, in which the impregnation time of the fibers t.sub.i is less than the cream time t.sub.c of the polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foam.

An object is to provide a non-red phosphorus type flame retardant composition for polyurethane foam that does not undergo dripping ignition and readily forms a carbonized layer when the polyurethane foam is burned and a flame-retarded polyurethane foam containing the flame retardant composition for polyurethane foam. As a solution, a flame retardant composition for polyurethane foam having high carbonization properties, the flame retardant composition for polyurethane foam containing a phosphorus compound represented by formula (1), is provided.

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(In formula, M is Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, or Zn, and m is 2, 3, or 4.)

A thermoset foam comprises from 0.2 to 4.0 wt. % of at least one aliphatic brominated polyether polyol, from 2.0 to 7.0 wt. % of at least one aromatic brominated polyester polyol, and from 2.0 to 7.5 wt. % of at least one flame retardant comprising organo-phosphate, organo-phosphonate, or organo-phosphite, wherein the ratio of the amount of aliphatic bromine expressed as a percentage of total bromine to the amount of aromatic bromine expressed as a percentage of total bromine is from 10:90 to 50:50.

A method of producing a closed-cell and rigid foam. The method comprises reacting an isocyanate composition including one or more polyisocyanates and a polyol composition including one or more polyols including one or more aromatic polyester polyols having a hydroxyl functionality of greater than 2 and one or more physical and/or chemical blowing agents including methylal to form a closed-cell and rigid foam configured to retain at least 85% of an initial volume of the closed-cell and rigid foam when exposed to about 97% relative humidity at about 70° C. for at least seven or more days.

The invention relates to flame-proofed polyurethane hard foam material or polyurethane/polyisocyanurate hard foam material (designated below individually or jointly also as “PUR/PIR hard foam material”) comprising phosphinates (also hypophosphite), and to a method for producing PUR/PIR hard foam materials through the implementation of a reaction mixture containing A1 an isocyanate-reactive component, A2 propellant, A3 catalyst, A4 optionally additive, A5 flame-proofing agent, B an isocyanate component, characterised in that the flame-proofing agent A5 contains a phosphine according to the formula (I)M[(R).sub.2PO.sub.2].sub.n, where R=in each case stands for H, C1- to C4-(hydroxy-)alkyl group or benzyl group, M=an element of the main groups 1 to 3, wherein hydrogen is excepted, and n=the number of the main group of M, and the proportion of the phosphine according to the formula (I) is 0.1 to 15 wt %, based on the total mass of components A1 to A5.

The present invention provides a polyolefin resin foam sheet having an area density of 5 g/m.sup.2 or more and 400 g/m.sup.2 or less, and satisfying at least one of the following conditions (1) and (2) in thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry carried out at a heating rate of 10° C.min over an entire measurement temperature range of a 200 to 550° C. measurement temperature, condition (1): a combustion gas generation ratio X defined as a ratio of a peak area value of an amount of a combustion gas P having a mass-to-charge ratio m/z of 55 generated at a measurement temperature of 200 to 364° C. with respect to the peak area value of an amount of the combustion gas P generated over the entire measurement temperature range is 25% or less; and condition (2): a combustion gas generation ratio Y defined as a ratio of a peak area value of an amount of a combustion gas Q having a mass-to-charge ratio m/z of 69 generated at a measurement temperature of 200 to 364° C. with respect to the peak area value of an amount of the combustion gas Q generated over the entire measurement temperature range is 25% or less.

According to the present invention, a polyolefin resin foam sheet can be provided that has a high fire retardancy while maintaining a lightweight property.

A reaction system for forming a step-growth polymerized sulfur-containing polyester polyol includes at least one sulfur-containing component selected from the group of a sulfur-containing polyol or a sulfur-containing polycarboxylic acid, an amount of the at least one sulfur-containing component being from 1 wt % to 60 wt %, at least one aromatic component selected from the group of an aromatic multi-functional ester, an aromatic multi-functional carboxylic acid, and an aromatic anhydride, an amount of the at least one aromatic component being from 1 wt % to 60 wt %, at least one simple polyol that excludes sulfur and is different from the sulfur containing polyol, an amount of the at least one simple polyol being from 0 wt % to 60 wt %, and at least one polymerization catalyst. The reaction system for forming the sulfur-containing polyester polyol has a sulfur content that is from 2 wt % to 20 wt %.

A battery module comprising an electric cell and a potting compound associated with the electric cell. The potting compound is formed of a flame retardant component; a first component having an isocyanate reactive compound and water; and a second component having an isocyanate compound. The potting compound is a foam.

A battery module comprising an electric cell and a potting compound associated with the electric cell. The potting compound is formed of a flame retardant component; a first component having an isocyanate reactive compound and water; and a second component having an isocyanate compound. The potting compound is a foam.

Described herein are processes for producing cold-flexible polyurethane insulation, in which (a) polyisocyanates are mixed with (b) compounds having groups which are reactive to isocyanates, (c) blowing agents, (d) catalysts, (e) plasticizers and optionally (f) further additives to give a reaction mixture and the mixture is applied to a surface and cured to form insulation. Also described herein is a polyurethane insulation obtainable by a process described herein.