The present disclosure herein discloses a preparation method of a polyurethane-based nano-silver SERS substrate, belongs to the technical field of Raman spectrums, and aims to solve problems of complex preparation process, low sensitivity and the like of SERS substrates. The method uses solidified polyurethane as a skeleton, and the polyurethane adsorbs nano silver particles onto its surface due to a porous surface structure and adsorptivity, so an SERS substrate with crystal violet as a probe molecule and having a limit of detection as low as 10.sup.−10 M is obtained. The SERS substrate prepared by the method has a large surface area, adsorbs a large number of target molecules, and is easy to prepare, high in sensitivity, and conducive to qualitative and quantitative analysis of SERS.

A foam sheet contains an aliphatic polyester resin, a nucleating agent for foaming, and hydrofluoroolefin, wherein the nucleating agent accounts for 0.05 to 2 percent by mass of the foam sheet.

Implantable devices for orthopedic, including spine and other uses are formed of porous reinforced polymer scaffolds. Scaffolds include a thermoplastic polymer forming a porous matrix that has continuously interconnected pores. The porosity and the size of the pores within the scaffold are selectively formed during synthesis of the composite material, and the composite material includes a plurality of reinforcement particles integrally formed within and embedded in the matrix and exposed on the pore surfaces. The reinforcement particles provide one or more of reinforcement, bioactivity, or bioresorption.

A method of forming a polymeric vacuum insulation board is provided, the polymeric vacuum insulation board including a plurality of evacuated, closed-cell pores therein. In one embodiment, the method includes intermixing a polymer with zeolite particles that contain water and extruding the resulting composition under high pressure. During extrusion, water in the zeolite particles evaporates and creates a porous, closed-cell microstructure within a polymer matrix. As the polymer matrix cools and solidifies, water vapor is reabsorbed by the zeolite, which at least partially evacuates the closed-cell pores. In another embodiment, the method includes intermixing a polymer with expandable graphite particles and extruding the resulting composition under high pressure. During extrusion, the expandable graphite particles define evacuated voids. The polymer binder can be selected to include low gas permeance, for example ethylene vinyl alcohol (EvOH) or polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC). In some applications, the polymer can be blended with nano-clays or other additives to further decrease the gas permeance of the vacuum insulation board.

Disclosed are an electrically conductive hydrogel having a graphene network and a method for fabricating the same. The electrically conductive hydrogel is fabricated by thermal annealing of granular hydrogel, and thus it has a porous structure, excellent electrical conductivity, and improved compressive modulus and yield stress. Accordingly, the electrically conductive hydrogel may be advantageously used in biomedical applications, such as scaffolds for tissue engineering, bioelectrodes, and biosensors.

Foam compositions are provided including a polylactic acid polymer; second (e.g., polyvinyl acetate) polymer having a glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) of at least 25° C.; and plasticizer. Also described are articles comprising the foam compositions, such as a sheet or hearing protection article. Methods of making and using the foam compositions are further described herein.

A method for preparing an aerogel comprising nano attapulgite and phenolic aldehyde and a method for preparing abrasion-resistant vehicle tire. 80-100 weight distributions of rubber, 3-8 weight distributions of SiO.sub.2.nH.sub.2O, 3-6 weight distributions of an anti-aging agent, 3-4 weight distributions of a heat stabilizer, 3-5 weight distributions of a compatibilizing agent, and 3-12 weight distributions of the aerogel comprising the nano attapulgite and the phenolic aldehyde is selected as a raw material of the abrasion-resistant rubber material to prepare rubber composite material for the abrasion-resistant vehicle tire.

A method for forming colloidosomes with a shell comprising carbon particles and inorganic nano-particles, are provided. Further, compositions emulsions and articles comprising the colloidosomes are provided.

A method of forming a polymeric vacuum insulation board is provided, the polymeric vacuum insulation board including a plurality of evacuated, closed-cell pores therein. In one embodiment, the method includes intermixing a polymer with zeolite particles that contain water and extruding the resulting composition under high pressure. During extrusion, water in the zeolite particles evaporates and creates a porous, closed-cell microstructure within a polymer matrix. As the polymer matrix cools and solidifies, water vapor is reabsorbed by the zeolite, which at least partially evacuates the closed-cell pores. In another embodiment, the method includes intermixing a polymer with expandable graphite particles and extruding the resulting composition under high pressure. During extrusion, the expandable graphite particles define evacuated voids. The polymer binder can be selected to include low gas permeance, for example ethylene vinyl alcohol (EvOH) or polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC). In some applications, the polymer can be blended with nano-clays or other additives to further decrease the gas permeance of the vacuum insulation board.

In an embodiment, an operating system for a computer system assigns each independently-schedulable code sequence to an activity. An activity may thus be associated with a group of related code sequences, such as threads that communicate with each other (whether or not they are part of the same program). When a code sequence is ready to be scheduled and it is not part of the current activity, it may preempt the current activity if the activity for the code sequence is not enabled and is not masked by the enabled activities. Each activity may define which other activities it masks. A flexible scheduling scheme may be devised based on the mask assignments for each activity.