A passive thermal management system and methods of using a thermoresponsive hydrogel coating configured to autonomously switch between a heating state and a cooling state based on ambient temperature. At temperature greater than a lower critical solution temperature of the thermoresponsive hydrogel, the thermoresponsive hydrogel coating becomes solar reflective and has enhanced radiative cooling ability to achieve daytime radiative cooling. At temperatures less than the lower critical solution temperature, the thermoresponsive hydrogel coating becomes transparent to facilitate absorption of solar radiation by sun absorber.

A curable mixture and method of using the mixture are disclosed. In some embodiments, the mixture comprises a water soluble acrylate-based monomer, a water-soluble acrylamide-based monomer, or a mixture thereof, and has properties suitable for use as a tooth filling after curing.

An on-line control and reaction process for pH adjustment and a control device for automatically adjusting pH value are provided. The process includes mixing a first enhancer and a second enhancer, optionally after diluting the first enhancer and/or the second enhancer with water, to form a mixture, setting a base pH value (δ1) and a target pH value (δ2), and adding pH adjuster into the mixture via a pH control unit and mixing to obtain a product with the target pH value. The pH control unit adjusts the adding of the pH adjuster by measuring or inputting certain parameters.

When a polymer gel has excellent mechanical strength and an ability to maintain surface wetness for a longer time, the polymer gel may be very widely applied to a variety of fields. The present disclosure provides example embodiments of a polymer gel having excellent mechanical strength and an ability to maintain surface wetness for a longer time. Further, the present disclosure provides example embodiments of a method of preparing the polymer gel.

An ionic thermoelectric (i-TE) hydrogel that converts heat into electricity based on the Soret effect, and devices and methods incorporating the ionic thermoelectric hydrogel. The ionic thermoelectric hydrogel includes poly(acrylamide) crosslinked with an alginate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, and a poly glycol.

Compositions comprising multiple hydrogel particles having substantially the same diameter, but with each subgrouping of particles from the multiple hydrogel particles having different associated values for one or more passive optical properties that can be deconvoluted using cytometric instrumentation. Each hydrogel particle from the multiple hydrogel particles can be functionalized with a different biochemical or chemical target from a set of targets. A method of preparing hydrogel particles includes forming droplets and polymerizing the droplets, with optional functionalization.

The composite anion exchange membrane includes: a surface layer on a single surface or both surfaces of an anion exchange membrane substrate, in which the above-described surface layer contains a copolymer of a monomer A which is a water-soluble polyfunctional monomer and a monomer B which is a cationic monomer, an anion exchange capacity of the above-described surface layer is 0.05 meq/cm.sup.3 to 0.50 meq/cm.sup.3, and an anion exchange capacity of the above-described anion exchange membrane substrate is 1.0 meq/cm.sup.3 to 5.0 meq/cm.sup.3.

A non-photosensitive resin composition including: a self-cross-linkable copolymer having structural units of Formulae (1) and (2): ##STR00001##
wherein each R.sup.0 is independently a hydrogen atom or methyl group; X is an —O— group or an —NH— group; R.sup.1 is a single bond or a C.sub.1-6 alkylene group; R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1-6 alkyl group; a is an integer of 1 to 5, b is an integer of 0 to 4, and when a and b satisfy 1≦a+b≦5, and b is 2, 3, or 4, such R.sup.2 optionally differ from each other; R.sup.3 is a divalent organic group of Formula (I), Formula (II), or Formula (III), and R.sup.4 is an organic group having an epoxy group: ##STR00002##
wherein c is an integer of 0 to 3, d is an integer of 1 to 3, and each e is independently an integer of 2 to 6; and a solvent.

Provided herein is a superabsorbent polyHIPE composition-of-matter comprising a majority of ionizable pendant groups, capable of absorbing up to 300-fold by mass water while exhibiting a notable mechanical strength in both the dry and wet form, as well as various uses thereof.

Provided herein are liquid polymer (LP) compositions comprising a synthetic (co)polymer (e.g., an acrylamide (co)polymer), as well as methods for preparing aqueous polymer solutions by combining these LP compositions with an aqueous fluid. The resulting aqueous polymer solutions can have a concentration of a synthetic (co)polymer (e.g., an acrylamide (co)polymer) of from 50 to 15,000 ppm, and a filter ratio of 1.5 or less at 15 psi using a 1.2 μm filter. Also provided are methods of using these aqueous polymer solutions in oil and gas operations, including enhanced oil recovery.