The present disclosure provides a unique method of making a fine fiber that is formed from a composition including an epoxy and a polymer component including a 4-vinyl pyridine-containing polymer. The present disclosure also provides a unique method of coating a fine fiber with a composition including an epoxy and a polymer component including a 4-vinyl pyridine-containing polymer. The present disclosure further provides fine fibers wherein the entirety of the fiber is formed from a composition including an epoxy and a polymer component including a 4-vinyl pyridine-containing polymer. Also provided are filter media and filter substrates including the fine fibers.

A method of forming a high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) foam is provided. A nitroxide-containing monomer can be used in combination with other monomers that can then be used to make a high internal phase emulsion foam upon curing. The nitroxide group can subsequently be used to control the radical polymerization of many monomers, which can be grafted from the surface of the high internal phase emulsion foam. The resulting foam can be useful in performing separations of radioactive species, metals, metal ions, multi-element ions, metal complexes, halides, and organic chemical species in chemical process streams, clean-up operations, etc.

Ion exchange membranes obtainable by curing a composition comprising: (a) a monomer comprising an aromatic group and at least one polymerisable ethylenically unsaturated group; (b) a photoinitiator which has an absorption maximum at a wavelength longer than 380 nm when measured in one or more of the following solvents at a temperature of 23 C.: water, ethanol and toluene; and (c) at least one co-initiator.

Some embodiments of the disclosure provide a polymer film used for a biosensor. The polymer film has a three-dimensional network structure formed by a natural high-molecular polymer and a synthetic high-molecular polymer by a plurality of crosslinking modes. The three-dimensional network structure includes a chemically crosslinked network and a reversible physically crosslinked network, the chemically crosslinked network being formed by covalent bond crosslinking and the reversible physically crosslinked network being formed by ionic bond crosslinking. The chemically crosslinked network has covalent bond crosslinking between the synthetic high-molecular polymers and covalent bond crosslinking between the natural high-molecular polymer and the synthetic high-molecular polymer. The physically crosslinked network has ionic bond crosslinking between natural high-molecular polymers.