A laminate of different kinds of halogen-containing rubbers (polymers) excellent in bonding strength. The laminate including the following layers (1) and (2) directly bonded to each other: layer (1): a layer of a composition including 100 parts by mass of a halogen-based rubber (A) (excluding a fluorine-based rubber), and 1 to 30 parts by mass of an inorganic compound (B) containing at least one element selected from Group 2 elements and Group 13 elements, and an oxygen atom; and layer (2): a layer of a halogen-containing polymer (C) (excluding the halogen-based rubber of the layer (1)).

A laminate of different kinds of halogen-containing rubbers (polymers) excellent in bonding strength. The laminate including the following layers (1) and (2) directly bonded to each other: layer (1): a layer of a composition including 100 parts by mass of a halogen-based rubber (A) (excluding a fluorine-based rubber), and 1 to 30 parts by mass of an inorganic compound (B) containing at least one element selected from Group 2 elements and Group 13 elements, and an oxygen atom; and layer (2): a layer of a halogen-containing polymer (C) (excluding the halogen-based rubber of the layer (1)).

An aqueous electrolytic composition and a process for electrodeposition of copper on a dielectric or semiconductor base structure using the aqueous electrolytic composition. The process includes (i) contacting a metalizing substrate comprising a seminal conductive layer on the base structure with an aqueous electrolytic deposition composition; and (ii) supplying electrical current to the electrolytic deposition composition to deposit copper on the substrate. The aqueous electrolytic composition comprises: (a) copper ions; (b) an acid; (c) a suppressor; and (d) a quaternized poly(epihalohydrin) comprising n repeating units corresponding to structure 1N and p repeating units corresponding to structure 1P: ##STR00001##

An aqueous electrolytic composition and a process for electrodeposition of copper on a dielectric or semiconductor base structure using the aqueous electrolytic composition. The process includes (i) contacting a metalizing substrate comprising a seminal conductive layer on the base structure with an aqueous electrolytic deposition composition; and (ii) supplying electrical current to the electrolytic deposition composition to deposit copper on the substrate. The aqueous electrolytic composition comprises: (a) copper ions; (b) an acid; (c) a suppressor; and (d) a quaternized poly(epihalohydrin) comprising n repeating units corresponding to structure 1N and p repeating units corresponding to structure 1P: ##STR00001##

The charging roll 10 for an electrophotographic device comprises a shaft 12, an elastic layer 14 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 12, and a top layer 16 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer 14. The elastic layer 14 is constituted of a high-resistance first phase 14a in which the surface resistance value is 1.610.sup.14 .Math.cm to 8.810.sup.15 .Math.cm (inclusive), and a low-resistance second phase 14b in which the surface resistance value is 1.310.sup.2 .Math.cm to 4.910.sup.3 .Math.cm (inclusive). The second phase 14b contains two types of carbon black: carbon black A, of which the amount of DBP absorption is 115 cm.sup.3/100 g to 160 cm.sup.3/100 g (inclusive); and carbon black B, of which the amount of DBP absorption is 70 cm.sup.3/100 g to 110 cm.sup.3/100 g (inclusive).

There is provided a rubber composition which is obtained by combining an appropriate liquid rubber with a blend system of rubbers having low compatibility that is compatible with advances in image forming devices, and which has excellent processability and is unlikely to cause contamination and the like of a photoreceptor, has favorable characteristics as a rubber, and can form a roller main body of a conductive roller and a conductive roller having a roller main body constituted by the rubber composition. In the rubber composition, 3 to 30 parts by mass of fillers are added to rubbers including an epichlorohydrin rubber, E-SBR, and 3 to 15 parts by mass of LIR. A conductive roller includes a roller main body constituted by the rubber composition.

There is provided a rubber composition which is obtained by combining an appropriate liquid rubber with a blend system of rubbers having low compatibility that is compatible with advances in image forming devices, and which has excellent processability and is unlikely to cause contamination and the like of a photoreceptor, has favorable characteristics as a rubber, and can form a roller main body of a conductive roller and a conductive roller having a roller main body constituted by the rubber composition. In the rubber composition, 3 to 30 parts by mass of fillers are added to rubbers including an epichlorohydrin rubber, E-SBR, and 3 to 15 parts by mass of LIR. A conductive roller includes a roller main body constituted by the rubber composition.

There is provided a rubber composition which is obtained by combining an appropriate liquid rubber with a blend system of rubbers having low compatibility that is compatible with advances in image forming devices, and which has excellent processability and is unlikely to cause contamination and the like of a photoreceptor, has favorable characteristics as a rubber, and can form a roller main body of a conductive roller and a conductive roller having a roller main body constituted by the rubber composition. In the rubber composition, 3 to 30 parts by mass of fillers are added to rubbers including an epichlorohydrin rubber, E-SBR, and 3 to 15 parts by mass of LIR. A conductive roller includes a roller main body constituted by the rubber composition.

An inventive electrically conductive rubber composition contains: a rubber component including SBR and/or NBR, and 20 to 30 parts by mass of epichlorohydrin rubber based on 100 parts by mass of the overall rubber component; a crosslinking component; a foaming component; and a potassium salt of an anion having a fluoro group and a sulfonyl group in its molecule, the potassium salt being present in a proportion of not less than 0.01 part by mass and not greater than 1 part by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the overall rubber component. An inventive transfer roller (1) includes a roller body (2) formed from the electrically conductive rubber composition.

An inventive electrically conductive rubber composition contains: a rubber component including SBR and/or NBR, and 20 to 30 parts by mass of epichlorohydrin rubber based on 100 parts by mass of the overall rubber component; a crosslinking component; a foaming component; and a potassium salt of an anion having a fluoro group and a sulfonyl group in its molecule, the potassium salt being present in a proportion of not less than 0.01 part by mass and not greater than 1 part by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the overall rubber component. An inventive transfer roller (1) includes a roller body (2) formed from the electrically conductive rubber composition.