The invention relates to a cyanoaryl-substituted naphthoylene benzimidazole compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a mixture thereof. At least one of the radicals R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 independently of each other is an aryl, which carries one, two, or three cyano groups and 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 substituents R.sup.Ar; and the remaining radicals independently of each other are hydrogen or an aryl, which is unsubstituted or carries 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 substituents R.sup.Ar. The invention also relates to the use of the compound in a color converter, to the color converter, to the use of the color converter, and to a lighting device containing at least one LED and at least one color converter.

A composition includes a near infrared absorbing pigment and a solvent, in which the near infrared absorbing pigment is at least one selected from a colorant compound which has a cation and an anion in the same molecule, a colorant compound which is a salt of a cationic chromophore and a counter anion, and a colorant compound which is a salt of an anionic chromophore and a counter cation, a D50 particle size in which a cumulative volume in a particle size distribution of particle sizes of the near infrared absorbing pigment is 50% is 100 nm or lower, and d values of Hansen solubility parameters of the near infrared absorbing pigment and the solvent satisfy a predetermined expression.

An optical filter includes an absorption layer containing a near-infrared absorbing dye with an absorption characteristic in dichloromethane satisfying (i-1) to (i-3). (i-1) In an absorption spectrum of a wavelength of 400 to 800 nm, there is a maximum absorption wavelength .sub.max in 670 to 730 nm. (i-2) Between a maximum absorption coefficient .sub.A of light with a wavelength of 430 to 550 nm and a maximum absorption coefficient .sub.B of light with a wavelength of 670 to 730 nm, the following relational expression: .sub.B/.sub.A65 is established. (i-3) In a spectral transmittance curve, the difference between a wavelength .sub.80 with which the transmittance becomes 80% on a shorter wavelength side than the maximum absorption wavelength with the transmittance at the maximum absorption wavelength .sub.max set to 10% and the maximum absorption wavelength .sub.max is 65 nm or less.

Provided is a coloring composition capable of forming a cured film having desired spectral characteristics even for thin-film. In addition, provided are a cured film, a pattern forming method, a color filter, a solid-state imaging element, and an image display device. The coloring composition contains: a pigment A having a structure in which an aromatic ring group into which a group with an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a nitrogen atom bonded to an aromatic ring is introduced is bonded to a diketopyrrolopyrrole skeleton; and a compound having a curable group. A content of the pigment A in a total solid content of the coloring composition is 40% by mass or more.

Derivatized malachite green leuco dyes for use in radio-chromic systems are described. The dyes have the following structure:

##STR00001##

in which Ar is a substituted phenyl or thiophene ring in which at least one substitution of the Ar ring is not ortho to the bond between the ring and the linking carbon, and in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are independently selected from methyl, alkyl, or alkyl halide. The systems include the dyes in conjunction with an activator, e.g., a halogenated activator, and a carrier, e.g., a fluid carrier or an encapsulating polymeric matrix.

A method for determining hydration of a polymer includes mixing a water-soluble, powdered dye with a powdered polymer and introducing the mixed water-soluble, powdered dye and powdered polymer into a water-based fluid. Full hydration of the powdered polymer is determined when the mixed water-soluble, powdered dye, powdered polymer and water-based fluid comprises substantially no internal optical contrast.

The present disclosure is directed to designing dyes and methods to alter the parameters controlling the dipole-dipole coupling of dyes bound to a nucleotide oligomer architecture, which are used to propagate excitons for use in next generation room temperature quantum information systems. The disclosed dyes and methods are directed to changing the dye stability, symmetry, overlap, and steric hindrance of the dyes to fine tune aggregate systems.

The present application relates to novel whitening agents for cellulosic substrates. The whitening agents are comprised of at least two constituents: at least one chromophore constituent and at least one polymeric constituent. Suitable chromophore components generally fluoresce blue, red, violet, or purple color when exposed to light, or they may absorb light to reflect these same shades. The whitening agents are further characterized by the polymeric component comprising at least two repeating glycerol units. This disclosure also relates to laundry care compositions including but not limited to liquid and/or powder laundry detergent formulations and rinse added fabric softening (RAFS) compositions that comprise such whitening agents.

A pigment composition including at least one pigment selected from the group consisting of a perinone-based pigment and a perylene-based pigment, water, a resin having a constitutional unit represented by Formula 1, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a phthalimide compound having a carboxyalkyl group and a naphthalimide compound having a carboxyalkyl group; a method for producing thereof; and an aqueous ink composition using the pigment composition. In Formula 1, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, L.sup.2 represents C(O)O, OC(O), or C(O)NR.sup.2 and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms.

##STR00001##

A composition includes: an infrared absorbing pigment; an acid or a base that undergoes neutralization or a salt interchange reaction with the infrared absorbing pigment; an acidic or basic resin; and a solvent, in which in a case where the acid is included, the acidic resin is included, in a case where the base is included, the basic resin is included, and in a case where a pKa of the acid is represented by pKa.sup.1A, a conjugate acid pKa of the base is represented by pKa.sup.1B, a pKa of the acidic resin is represented by pKa.sup.2A, and a conjugate acid pKa of the basic resin is represented by pKa.sup.2B, any one of the following Expression A or Expression B is satisfied.

pKa.sup.1A>pKa.sup.2AExpression A

pKa.sup.1B<pKa.sup.2BExpression B