This invention relates to polymer particles, a process for their preparation, electrophoretic fluids comprising such particles, and electrophoretic display devices comprising such fluids.

Dimeric and/or polymeric dyes and compounds and methods for preparation of the same are disclosed.

Bis(azo-benzene) diamine monomers and a method of synthesizing the monomers are provided. The bis(azo-benzene) diamine monomers, in combination with amine reactive monomers, form polymers, such as polyimides and copolyimides, having photomechanical and thermomechanical properties.

A coloring composition containing one or more species of compounds represented by Formula (I) or Formula (II) below, wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or substituent, each of Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.8 independently represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or optionally substituted heterocyclic group, and each of L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 independently represents a divalent linking group which interrupts ? electron conjugated system: ##STR00001##

The present application relates to novel whitening agents for cellulosic substrates. The whitening agents are comprised of at least two constituents: at least one chromophore constituent and at least one polymeric constituent. Suitable chromophore components generally fluoresce blue, red, violet, or purple color when exposed to light, or they may absorb light to reflect these same shades. The whitening agents are further characterized by the polymeric component comprising at least two repeating glycerol units. This disclosure also relates to laundry care compositions including but not limited to liquid and/or powder laundry detergent formulations and rinse added fabric softening (RAFS) compositions that comprise such whitening agents.

The present invention provides a post-fabrication modification approach for the fabrication of colored and chromic materials and sensors using plasma surface modification to covalently bind the coloring agent to the substrate, thus avoiding leaching of the dye. Advantageously, in said methods, said coloring agent is a dye or pigment linked to a radical sensitive functional group, such as an alkenyl or alkynyl functional group, and is applied to the substrate prior to the gas plasma treatment. The methods envisaged herein are generic in nature, which allow the covalent immobilization of various dyes on different materials. The covalently coated materials after plasma surface modification, particularly the covalently coated chromic materials and sensors, can be used in many different applications, such as protective textile and wound dressing applications.

A nested capsule having a first capsule held within a second capsule. Each of the first and second capsules has a shell that is a supramolecular cross-linked network, such as a cucurbituril supramolecular cross-linked network. Each capsule shell is obtained or is obtainable from the complexation of a composition including a host, such as cucurbituril, and one or more building blocks having suitable guest functionality for the host, thereby to form a supramolecular cross-linked network. The nested capsules are suitable for delivering and selectively releasing an encapsulant at a location.

The present disclosure relates to polymers which contain a hydrophobic and hydrophilic segment which is sensitive to pH. In some aspects, the polymers form a micelle which is sensitive to pH and results in a change in fluorescence based upon the particular pH. In some aspects, the disclosure also provides methods of using the polymers for the imaging of cellular or extracellular environment or delivering a drug.

The present application relates to novel whitening agents for cellulosic substrates. The whitening agents are comprised of at least two constituents: at least one chromophore constituent and at least one polymeric constituent. Suitable chromophore components generally fluoresce blue, red, violet, or purple color when exposed to light, or they may absorb light to reflect these same shades. The whitening agents are further characterized by the polymeric component comprising at least two repeating glycerol units. This disclosure also relates to laundry care compositions including but not limited to liquid and/or powder laundry detergent formulations and rinse added fabric softening (RAFS) compositions that comprise such whitening agents.

A dye compound represented by formula (A):

##STR00001##

wherein, in formula (A), Cyc.sub.A1 and each Cyc.sub.A0 are each independently 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene, each E.sub.A0 is independently a single bond, *(C?O)O*, *O(C?O)*, C.sub.1-4 alkylene of the formula *(CH.sub.2).sub.k* wherein k is a natural number, *CH?CH*, or *C?C*, j1 is an integer of 1 to 3, each AR is independently 1,4-phenylene or

##STR00002##

j2 is an integer of 1 or 2, L.sub.A1 is a single bond, *O*, *(C?O)O*, or *O(C?O)*, L.sub.A2 and L.sub.A3 are each independently a single bond or *O*, k1 is an integer of 0 to 12, k2 is an integer of 6 to 10, R.sub.A1 is a hydrogen atom, an acrylate group, or a methacrylate group, and R.sub.A2 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or

##STR00003##