A fire retardant material includes a deconstructed nanoporous material including a plurality of elements, and solids of a fire-retarding solution within the elements of the nanoporous material. A method of forming the fire retardant material includes combining a nanoporous material and a fire-retarding solution such that elements of the nanoporous material absorb the fire retarding solution, and evaporating liquid from the elements of the nanoporous material having the fire-retarding solution absorbed therein such that a concentrate or solids thereof remain within the elements of the nanoporous material.

A sol of inorganic oxide particles is stably dispersed in a hydrophilic organic solvent containing a hydrocarbon such as a paraffinic hydrocarbon or a naphthenic hydrocarbon. The sol contains a dispersion medium containing an organic solvent containing a C.sub.6-18 paraffinic hydrocarbon, a C.sub.6-18 naphthenic hydrocarbon, or a mixture of these, a C.sub.4-8 alcohol having a carbon chain with a carbon-carbon bond in the molecule in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by mass in the entire dispersion medium, and inorganic oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 5 to 200 nm as measured by dynamic light scattering as a dispersoid, wherein the inorganic oxide particles contain a C.sub.1-3 alkyl group bonded to a silicon atom and a C.sub.4-18 alkyl group. The paraffinic hydrocarbon is a normal paraffinic hydrocarbon or an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon. The naphthenic hydrocarbon is a saturated aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon substitutable with a C.sub.1-10 alkyl group.

A preparation method for a spherical silica powder filler, comprises the following steps: S1, providing spherical polysiloxane comprising T units by means of a hydrolysis condensation reaction of R.sub.1SiX.sub.3, wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen atom or an independently selectable organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, X is a hydrolyzable group, and the T unit is R.sub.1SiO.sub.3—; and S2, calcining the spherical polysiloxane under the condition of a dry oxidizing gas atmosphere at a calcining temperature between 850° C. and 1200° C., so as to obtain a spherical silica powder filler having a low hydroxyl content. The spherical silica powder filler is composed of at least one selected from Q.sub.1 unit, Q.sub.2 unit, Q.sub.3 unit and Q.sub.4 unit, wherein Q.sub.1 unit is Si(OH).sub.3O—, Q.sub.2 unit is Si(OH).sub.2O.sub.2—,Q.sub.3 unit is SiOHO.sub.3—, Q.sub.4 unit is SiO.sub.4—, and the content of Q.sub.4 unit is greater than or equal to 95%.

A preparation method for a spherical silica powder filler, comprises the following steps: S1, providing spherical polysiloxane comprising T units by means of a hydrolysis condensation reaction of R.sub.1SiX.sub.3, wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen atom or an independently selectable organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, X is a hydrolyzable group, and the T unit is R.sub.1SiO.sub.3—; and S2, calcining the spherical polysiloxane under the condition of a dry oxidizing gas atmosphere at a calcining temperature between 850° C. and 1200° C., so as to obtain a spherical silica powder filler having a low hydroxyl content. The spherical silica powder filler is composed of at least one selected from Q.sub.1 unit, Q.sub.2 unit, Q.sub.3 unit and Q.sub.4 unit, wherein Q.sub.1 unit is Si(OH).sub.3O—, Q.sub.2 unit is Si(OH).sub.2O.sub.2—,Q.sub.3 unit is SiOHO.sub.3—, Q.sub.4 unit is SiO.sub.4—, and the content of Q.sub.4 unit is greater than or equal to 95%.

The present disclosure relates to mesoporous silica wrapped nanoparticle composite nanomaterial, preparation method thereof, and use thereof. In the present disclosure, a nanoparticle is dispersed in an aqueous ethanol solution. Then, ammonia water is added to adjust the pH. After that, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in an aqueous ethanol solution is added dropwise, and ultrasound is continued, before tetraethyl orthosilicate is added dropwise. The mixture is purified to produce a composite nanomaterial that is stable, controllable, and consistent in size; the shell of the composite nanomaterial is mesoporous silica, the core of the composite nanomaterial is a nanoparticle. Dual-core or triple-core nanoparticles of different kinds/functions can be wrapped into a single mesoporous silica shell to achieve multi-core wrapping. The method is universal and may be used to wrap various nanometers. The preparation procedure is environmentally friendly, efficient, and may be carried out at room temperature.

A method for preparing a composition including mineral particles functionalized by at least one organic group and having a specific surface defined according to the BET method greater than 500 m.sup.2/g, involves: —choosing a phyllosilicate composition, including mineral particles having a thickness of less than 100 nm, a largest dimension of less than 10 μm and belonging to the family of lamellar silicates; —choosing at least one functionalizing agent, from the group formed from the oxysilanes and oxygermanes having at least one organic group, —bringing the phyllosilicate composition into contact with a functionalizing solution including the functionalizing agent, so as to obtain a phyllosilicate composition including mineral particles functionalized by the organic group, while choosing the organic group from the group formed from the cationic heteroaryl groups, the quaternary ammonium groups and the salts of same. The phyllosilicate composition obtained by the method is also described.

Porous particles comprising an active ingredient and a coating exhibiting greater dissolution rate in aqueous media than in alcoholic media are disclosed. A process for the manufacture of the particles is also disclosed, as well as tamper-proof particles and solid dosage forms comprising the coated particles. The differential solubility characteristics of the particle coating allow the particles to be incorporated into abuse-deterrent medicaments.

This invention provides a method for creating a large-scale of amphiphilic particles. The method includes: adding nanoparticles into a polycarbonate-based solution, adding a surfactant into the solution while performing ultra-sonication to generate polymer precipitation, creating at least one microsphere with the nanoparticles embedded onto it, subjecting the exposed hemisphere of the embedded nanoparticles to a further amphiphilic particles related modification, and dissolving the at least one microsphere in a polycarbonate-based solution in order to free said embedded nanoparticles from the at least one microsphere.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing a high hydrophobic silica aerogel having a low tap density and a hydrophobic silica aerogel prepared thereby. The method of preparing a hydrophobic silica aerogel according to the present invention may have good productivity and economic efficiency, because preparation time is reduced by simultaneously performing surface modification and solvent substitution in a single step, and may control a degree of hydrophobicity of the prepared silica aerogel by controlling a surface modification reaction by including a step of adding ammonium hydroxide. Thus, a hydrophobic silica aerogel having excellent physical properties, such as tap density and specific surface area, as well as high hydrophobicity obtained by controlling the degree of hydrophobicity may be prepared.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing a high hydrophobic silica aerogel having a low tap density and a hydrophobic silica aerogel prepared thereby. The method of preparing a hydrophobic silica aerogel according to the present invention may have good productivity and economic efficiency, because preparation time is reduced by simultaneously performing surface modification and solvent substitution in a single step, and may control a degree of hydrophobicity of the prepared silica aerogel by controlling a surface modification reaction by including a step of adding ammonium hydroxide. Thus, a hydrophobic silica aerogel having excellent physical properties, such as tap density and specific surface area, as well as high hydrophobicity obtained by controlling the degree of hydrophobicity may be prepared.