A gas extraction system comprising a heater configured to receive a wellbore servicing fluid sample and discharge a heated wellbore servicing fluid sample, wherein the heater comprises an internal heat exchange surface coated with a superhydrophobic coating composition; a gas extractor configured to receive at least a portion of the heated wellbore servicing fluid sample and extract an extracted gas from the heated wellbore servicing fluid sample; and one or more detectors configured to receive at least a portion of the extracted gas and provide an analysis of the extracted gas.

In certain embodiments, the invention is directed to apparatus comprising a liquid-impregnated surface, said surface comprising an impregnating liquid and a matrix of solid features spaced sufficiently close to stably contain the impregnating liquid therebetween or therewithin, and methods thereof. In some embodiments, one or both of the following holds: (i) 0<ϕ≤0.25, where ϕ is a representative fraction of the projected surface area of the liquid-impregnated surface corresponding to non-submerged solid at equilibrium; and (ii) S.sub.ow(a)<0, where S.sub.ow(a) is spreading coefficient, defined as γ.sub.wa−γ.sub.wo−γ.sub.oa, where γ is the interfacial tension between the two phases designated by subscripts w, a, and o, where w is water, a is air, and o is the impregnating liquid.

The disclosure relates to maskless, laser-assisted methods for making a metal surface comprising at least one of hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions; and at least one of micro- and nanostructured regions.

The present disclosure provides for compositions including a composite particle, methods for making the composite particle, methods for using the composite particle, articles upon which the composite particle have been disposed, compositions including the composite particle and a fluid, devices including the composite particle and the fluid, and methods of using the composition including the composite particle and the fluid. Due to the structure and composition of the composite particle, the composite particle can be dispersed in an aqueous medium and then coated on a surface of an article, where upon evaporation of the aqueous solution forms a hydrophobic or superhydrophobic coating on the surface of the article.

A process for preparing a repellant smooth surface includes applying a coating composition onto a smooth surface of a substrate having hydroxyl functional groups thereon and an average roughness Ra of less than 4 μm. The coating composition includes: (i) a polymerizable silane or siloxane or both selected from the group consisting of dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethoxy-methyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane, dimethoxy(methyl)octylsilane, diethoxydimethylsilane, (ii) a solvent and (iii) an acid catalyst. The process further includes polymerizing the silane or siloxane or both from the hydroxyl functional groups on the smooth surface of the substrate to form a chemical layer of graft polymers having ends anchored to the smooth surface and applying a lubricant coating over the formed chemical layer to adhere and maintain the lubricant on the smooth surface and form a lubricant-entrenched smooth surface as the repellant smooth surface.

A substrate having a superhydrophobic surface and methods of manufacturing the same and uses thereof. The substrate comprises a frame of a first material of interconnected structures exhibiting cavities having the shape of inverted pyramids; and a second material comprising hydrophobic structures filling the cavities, wherein the sidewalls of the inverted pyramids form an angle α of 105°<α<135° against the surface. The hydrophobic structures, such as nanoparticles, provide excellent water repellency, whereas the structures formed by a mechanically durable substrate material, typically comprising microstructures, act as armor to resist abrasion. The substrates are robust, durable and abrasion resistant and can be used as surfaces in self-cleaning, anti-fouling or heat transfer materials as well as in transparent surfaces, in particular in solar cells.

A liquid-repellent structure includes a surface to which liquid repellency is to be imparted; a foundation layer having a surface and disposed to face the surface to which liquid repellency is to be imparted; and a liquid-repellent layer disposed to face the surface of the foundation layer, wherein the foundation layer contains an acid-modified polyolefin, the liquid-repellent layer contains a fluorine-containing resin and particles, and the fluorine-containing resin contains a hydrophilic structural unit having at least one of an amino group and an amide group. A packaging material has the liquid-repellent structure disposed to face a product. The packaging material can also be applied to a product that is a selected one of hand soap, body soap, shampoo, rinse, creams, and cosmetics and that contains a surfactant.

A methodology is provided for generating hydrophobic superhydrophobic, oleophobic and/or superoleophobic surfaces. Compositions of matter made of a substrate having deposited on a surface thereof (e.g., by thermal evaporation) hydrocarbon waxes, including fluorinated waxes, are disclosed. Process of preparing such compositions of matter and articles of manufacturing incorporating such compositions are also disclosed. Further disclosed are articles of manufacturing and methods which are useful in inhibiting, reducing and/or retarding biofilm formation, and which include applying waxes (e.g., by thermal evaporation) on a surface of the articles.

A coated smooth surface of a substrate repels liquids and viscoelastic materials and can have anti-staining and anti-biofouling properties. The smooth surface can be coated by applying a chemical layer on the surface and a lubricant. Such coated surfaces are useful for use in toilets, urinals, or other devices for the processing of liquids and viscoelastic materials such as solid or semi-solid metabolic waste of human digestive system. Such coated surfaces can also be applied to windows for buildings or vehicles such as automobiles or camera lenses to repel liquids (e.g. rain), ice, frost, insect residues, and birds' feces.

The present invention relates to an eco-friendly and simple super-hydrophobic coating method that does not use harmful substances and special equipment. Coating according to the present invention may be performed as a single process without special equipment, and because only eco-friendly materials are used, the coating material may be easily used and discarded. In addition, even a three-dimensional pipe or a heat-exchanger having a complex shape may be modified to have super-hydrophobicity by applying the present coating, and a super-hydrophobic metal filter may be manufactured and used for oil-water separation. As a result, the present coating method is eco-friendly, simple, and applicable to various substrates, so it has great potential for application in various industries.